PSR

Objective: The objective is to propose a pragmatic approach to sustainable forest management.Methodology and Results: Descriptive multivariate analysis of soil and vegetation characteristics of the classified forest of Haut-Sassandra allowed characterization of its polymorphism and to identify its determinants. A grouping of plots and a map of edaphic constraints have revealed a catalog of stations and highlighted a map of recommendations.Conclusion and application: On relatively homogeneous ground, vegetation cover of the forest studied proved polymorphic mainly due to human activities. Deriv...

Objective: The objective is to propose a pragmatic approach to sustainable forest management.Methodology and Results: Descriptive multivariate analysis of soil and vegetation characteristics of the classified forest of Haut-Sassandra allowed characterization of its polymorphism and to identify its determinants. A grouping of plots and a map of edaphic constraints have revealed a catalog of stations and highlighted a map of recommendations.Conclusion and application: On relatively homogeneous ground, vegetation cover of the forest studied proved polymorphic mainly due to human activities. Deriv...

Objective: The objective is to propose a pragmatic approach to sustainable forest management.Methodology and Results: Descriptive multivariate analysis of soil and vegetation characteristics of the classified forest of Haut-Sassandra allowed characterization of its polymorphism and to identify its determinants. A grouping of plots and a map of edaphic constraints have revealed a catalog of stations and highlighted a map of recommendations.Conclusion and application: On relatively homogeneous ground, vegetation cover of the forest studied proved polymorphic mainly due to human activities. Deriv...

In this paper, we study Fermat's equation, 𝑥 𝑛 + 𝑦 𝑛 = 𝑧 𝑛 (1) with 𝑛 > 2, 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 non-zero positive integers. Let (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) be a triple of non-zero positive integers relativity prime. Consider the equation (1) with prime exponent 𝑝 > 2. We establish the following results: - 𝑎 𝑝 + 𝑏 𝑝 ≠ (𝑏 + 1) 𝑝 . This completes the general direct proof of Abel's conjecture only prove in the first case 𝑎𝑏(𝑏 + 1) ≢ 0 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑝). - 𝑎 2𝑝 + 𝑏 2𝑝 ≠ 𝑐 2𝑝 . This completes the direct proof of Terjanian Theorem only prove in the first case 𝑎𝑏𝑐 ≢ 0 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑝)). - 𝑎 𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛 ≠ 𝑐 𝑛with𝑛 is a non-prime integer.A new result...

In this paper, we study Fermat's equation, 𝑥 𝑛 + 𝑦 𝑛 = 𝑧 𝑛 (1) with 𝑛 > 2, 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 non-zero positive integers. Let (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐) be a triple of non-zero positive integers relativity prime. Consider the equation (1) with prime exponent 𝑝 > 2. We establish the following results: - 𝑎 𝑝 + 𝑏 𝑝 ≠ (𝑏 + 1) 𝑝 . This completes the general direct proof of Abel's conjecture only prove in the first case 𝑎𝑏(𝑏 + 1) ≢ 0 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑝). - 𝑎 2𝑝 + 𝑏 2𝑝 ≠ 𝑐 2𝑝 . This completes the direct proof of Terjanian Theorem only prove in the first case 𝑎𝑏𝑐 ≢ 0 (𝑚𝑜𝑑 𝑝)). - 𝑎 𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛 ≠ 𝑐 𝑛with𝑛 is a non-prime integer.A new result...

The thermal performance of a solar cooker with phase change thermal storage unit based on a parabolic trough collector was investigated. In this experimental setup, a one-ended open vacuum tube was used as receiver, and solar radiations were focused on it. The available solar heat at the receiver was transferred to the solar cooker by natural circulation (thermosiphon) of the heat transfer fluid. Water and thermal oil (engine oil) were used separately as heat transfer fluids. Commercial-grade acetanilide was used as latent heat storage material in the solar cooker. In daytime, the transfer of...

The thermal performance of a solar cooker with phase change thermal storage unit based on a parabolic trough collector was investigated. In this experimental setup, a one-ended open vacuum tube was used as receiver, and solar radiations were focused on it. The available solar heat at the receiver was transferred to the solar cooker by natural circulation (thermosiphon) of the heat transfer fluid. Water and thermal oil (engine oil) were used separately as heat transfer fluids. Commercial-grade acetanilide was used as latent heat storage material in the solar cooker. In daytime, the transfer of...

The thermal performance of a solar cooker with phase change thermal storage unit based on a parabolic trough collector was investigated. In this experimental setup, a one-ended open vacuum tube was used as receiver, and solar radiations were focused on it. The available solar heat at the receiver was transferred to the solar cooker by natural circulation (thermosiphon) of the heat transfer fluid. Water and thermal oil (engine oil) were used separately as heat transfer fluids. Commercial-grade acetanilide was used as latent heat storage material in the solar cooker. In daytime, the transfer of...

<p style="text-align: justify;">La présence de mycorhizes à vésicules et arbuscules (VA) est très répandue dans les vignobles. Le symbiote fongique peut influencer positivement l'absorption de phosphate et par conséquence la croissance de la plante. Les données expérimentales relevées jusqu'à présent permettent d'envisager l'application artificielle des mycorhizes VA dans quelques domaines de la viticulture.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizae are widespread in vineyards. Their structures...

Much has been said of the importance of port and terminal integration in the supply chain. Authors have stressed the importance of agility to the port environment, which involves being proactive along supply chains, facilitation of intermodal integration, as well as organizational integration and partnership between ports and users. Despite the well articulated importance of the issues, little has been offered in terms of conceptualizations and empirical evidence of what really is meant by port/terminal integration in the supply chain, how such integration can be measured and quantified as wel...

Much has been said of the importance of port and terminal integration in the supply chain. Authors have stressed the importance of agility to the port environment, which involves being proactive along supply chains, facilitation of intermodal integration, as well as organizational integration and partnership between ports and users. Despite the well articulated importance of the issues, little has been offered in terms of conceptualizations and empirical evidence of what really is meant by port/terminal integration in the supply chain, how such integration can be measured and quantified as wel...

Control of black Sigatoka disease in plantains is imperative for adequate yield.Black Sigatoka is caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton, formerly known as Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet.The disease does not immediately kill the plants, but by reducing the effective leaf area it interferes with photosynthesis (Churchill, 2011).If not controlled, the disease has the potential to devastate plantain fields.In Puerto Rico, the main plantain cultivar is 'Maricongo', a false-horn clone which is susceptible to black Sigatoka.Locally, a combination of synthetic pesticides...

Control of black Sigatoka disease in plantains is imperative for adequate yield.Black Sigatoka is caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton, formerly known as Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet.The disease does not immediately kill the plants, but by reducing the effective leaf area it interferes with photosynthesis (Churchill, 2011).If not controlled, the disease has the potential to devastate plantain fields.In Puerto Rico, the main plantain cultivar is 'Maricongo', a false-horn clone which is susceptible to black Sigatoka.Locally, a combination of synthetic pesticides...

Control of black Sigatoka disease in plantains is imperative for adequate yield.Black Sigatoka is caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton, formerly known as Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet.The disease does not immediately kill the plants, but by reducing the effective leaf area it interferes with photosynthesis (Churchill, 2011).If not controlled, the disease has the potential to devastate plantain fields.In Puerto Rico, the main plantain cultivar is 'Maricongo', a false-horn clone which is susceptible to black Sigatoka.Locally, a combination of synthetic pesticides...

Control of black Sigatoka disease in plantains is imperative for adequate yield.Black Sigatoka is caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton, formerly known as Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet.The disease does not immediately kill the plants, but by reducing the effective leaf area it interferes with photosynthesis (Churchill, 2011).If not controlled, the disease has the potential to devastate plantain fields.In Puerto Rico, the main plantain cultivar is 'Maricongo', a false-horn clone which is susceptible to black Sigatoka.Locally, a combination of synthetic pesticides...

Control of black Sigatoka disease in plantains is imperative for adequate yield.Black Sigatoka is caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton, formerly known as Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet.The disease does not immediately kill the plants, but by reducing the effective leaf area it interferes with photosynthesis (Churchill, 2011).If not controlled, the disease has the potential to devastate plantain fields.In Puerto Rico, the main plantain cultivar is 'Maricongo', a false-horn clone which is susceptible to black Sigatoka.Locally, a combination of synthetic pesticides...

Control of black Sigatoka disease in plantains is imperative for adequate yield.Black Sigatoka is caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton, formerly known as Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet.The disease does not immediately kill the plants, but by reducing the effective leaf area it interferes with photosynthesis (Churchill, 2011).If not controlled, the disease has the potential to devastate plantain fields.In Puerto Rico, the main plantain cultivar is 'Maricongo', a false-horn clone which is susceptible to black Sigatoka.Locally, a combination of synthetic pesticides...

Control of black Sigatoka disease in plantains is imperative for adequate yield.Black Sigatoka is caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora fijiensis (Morelet) Deighton, formerly known as Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet.The disease does not immediately kill the plants, but by reducing the effective leaf area it interferes with photosynthesis (Churchill, 2011).If not controlled, the disease has the potential to devastate plantain fields.In Puerto Rico, the main plantain cultivar is 'Maricongo', a false-horn clone which is susceptible to black Sigatoka.Locally, a combination of synthetic pesticides...

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l'ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were screened. In all, 424 samples having symptoms of yellow or moderate chlorotic streaks were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR and by immunocapture-PCR. Viruses identified were BSOLV, BanMMV and...

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l'ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were screened. In all, 424 samples having symptoms of yellow or moderate chlorotic streaks were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR and by immunocapture-PCR. Viruses identified were BSOLV, BanMMV and...

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l'ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were screened. In all, 424 samples having symptoms of yellow or moderate chlorotic streaks were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR and by immunocapture-PCR. Viruses identified were BSOLV, BanMMV and...

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l'ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were screened. In all, 424 samples having symptoms of yellow or moderate chlorotic streaks were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR and by immunocapture-PCR. Viruses identified were BSOLV, BanMMV and...

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l'ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were screened. In all, 424 samples having symptoms of yellow or moderate chlorotic streaks were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR and by immunocapture-PCR. Viruses identified were BSOLV, BanMMV and...

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l'ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were screened. In all, 424 samples having symptoms of yellow or moderate chlorotic streaks were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR and by immunocapture-PCR. Viruses identified were BSOLV, BanMMV and...

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l'ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were screened. In all, 424 samples having symptoms of yellow or moderate chlorotic streaks were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR and by immunocapture-PCR. Viruses identified were BSOLV, BanMMV and...

This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of viruses, viz Banana streak Obino l'ewai virus (BSOLV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) and Banana bract mosaic virus (BBrMV) causing serious diseases on plantain in Cote d'Ivoire. From April 2010 to July 2010 and June 2011 to August 2011, 103 farmers' plots located in 13 important plantain productions regions were screened. In all, 424 samples having symptoms of yellow or moderate chlorotic streaks were analyzed by reverse transcriptase-PCR and by immunocapture-PCR. Viruses identified were BSOLV, BanMMV and...

Two tests to feed local rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were carried out to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic potentiality of Euphorbia heterophylla.The first test was carried out during 90 days (feeding (30 days), growing (30 days), and fattening (30 days)) on 45 rabbits.As for the second test, it was carried out during 30 days in the course of the fattening period on 27 rabbits.Animals were both subjected to continuous or alterned provisions during the last test of the two experimental diets.The first test or control (Pangran) was composed of Panicum maximum and granules "IVOGRAIN" for rabbit...

Two tests to feed local rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were carried out to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic potentiality of Euphorbia heterophylla.The first test was carried out during 90 days (feeding (30 days), growing (30 days), and fattening (30 days)) on 45 rabbits.As for the second test, it was carried out during 30 days in the course of the fattening period on 27 rabbits.Animals were both subjected to continuous or alterned provisions during the last test of the two experimental diets.The first test or control (Pangran) was composed of Panicum maximum and granules "IVOGRAIN" for rabbit...

Two tests to feed local rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were carried out to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic potentiality of Euphorbia heterophylla.The first test was carried out during 90 days (feeding (30 days), growing (30 days), and fattening (30 days)) on 45 rabbits.As for the second test, it was carried out during 30 days in the course of the fattening period on 27 rabbits.Animals were both subjected to continuous or alterned provisions during the last test of the two experimental diets.The first test or control (Pangran) was composed of Panicum maximum and granules "IVOGRAIN" for rabbit...

Two tests to feed local rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were carried out to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic potentiality of Euphorbia heterophylla.The first test was carried out during 90 days (feeding (30 days), growing (30 days), and fattening (30 days)) on 45 rabbits.As for the second test, it was carried out during 30 days in the course of the fattening period on 27 rabbits.Animals were both subjected to continuous or alterned provisions during the last test of the two experimental diets.The first test or control (Pangran) was composed of Panicum maximum and granules "IVOGRAIN" for rabbit...

Two tests to feed local rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were carried out to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic potentiality of Euphorbia heterophylla.The first test was carried out during 90 days (feeding (30 days), growing (30 days), and fattening (30 days)) on 45 rabbits.As for the second test, it was carried out during 30 days in the course of the fattening period on 27 rabbits.Animals were both subjected to continuous or alterned provisions during the last test of the two experimental diets.The first test or control (Pangran) was composed of Panicum maximum and granules "IVOGRAIN" for rabbit...

Two tests to feed local rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were carried out to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic potentiality of Euphorbia heterophylla.The first test was carried out during 90 days (feeding (30 days), growing (30 days), and fattening (30 days)) on 45 rabbits.As for the second test, it was carried out during 30 days in the course of the fattening period on 27 rabbits.Animals were both subjected to continuous or alterned provisions during the last test of the two experimental diets.The first test or control (Pangran) was composed of Panicum maximum and granules "IVOGRAIN" for rabbit...

Two tests to feed local rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were carried out to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic potentiality of Euphorbia heterophylla.The first test was carried out during 90 days (feeding (30 days), growing (30 days), and fattening (30 days)) on 45 rabbits.As for the second test, it was carried out during 30 days in the course of the fattening period on 27 rabbits.Animals were both subjected to continuous or alterned provisions during the last test of the two experimental diets.The first test or control (Pangran) was composed of Panicum maximum and granules "IVOGRAIN" for rabbit...

In the last decades, a large focus is being placed on the sustainability and safety of the power transformer spectrum. Ester liquids, which have interesting properties such as high fire point and biodegradability, are gaining needed attraction. Since in-service condition, thermal aging deteriorates the physicochemical and electrical properties of liquid dielectrics, it is important to study their long-term behavior. In this contribution, the pre-breakdown and breakdown behavior of ester fluids (synthetic and natural) under AC stress are investigated. Important characteristics, such as partial...

In the last decades, a large focus is being placed on the sustainability and safety of the power transformer spectrum. Ester liquids, which have interesting properties such as high fire point and biodegradability, are gaining needed attraction. Since in-service condition, thermal aging deteriorates the physicochemical and electrical properties of liquid dielectrics, it is important to study their long-term behavior. In this contribution, the pre-breakdown and breakdown behavior of ester fluids (synthetic and natural) under AC stress are investigated. Important characteristics, such as partial...

In the last decades, a large focus is being placed on the sustainability and safety of the power transformer spectrum. Ester liquids, which have interesting properties such as high fire point and biodegradability, are gaining needed attraction. Since in-service condition, thermal aging deteriorates the physicochemical and electrical properties of liquid dielectrics, it is important to study their long-term behavior. In this contribution, the pre-breakdown and breakdown behavior of ester fluids (synthetic and natural) under AC stress are investigated. Important characteristics, such as partial...

In the last decades, a large focus is being placed on the sustainability and safety of the power transformer spectrum. Ester liquids, which have interesting properties such as high fire point and biodegradability, are gaining needed attraction. Since in-service condition, thermal aging deteriorates the physicochemical and electrical properties of liquid dielectrics, it is important to study their long-term behavior. In this contribution, the pre-breakdown and breakdown behavior of ester fluids (synthetic and natural) under AC stress are investigated. Important characteristics, such as partial...

In the last decades, a large focus is being placed on the sustainability and safety of the power transformer spectrum. Ester liquids, which have interesting properties such as high fire point and biodegradability, are gaining needed attraction. Since in-service condition, thermal aging deteriorates the physicochemical and electrical properties of liquid dielectrics, it is important to study their long-term behavior. In this contribution, the pre-breakdown and breakdown behavior of ester fluids (synthetic and natural) under AC stress are investigated. Important characteristics, such as partial...

In the last decades, a large focus is being placed on the sustainability and safety of the power transformer spectrum. Ester liquids, which have interesting properties such as high fire point and biodegradability, are gaining needed attraction. Since in-service condition, thermal aging deteriorates the physicochemical and electrical properties of liquid dielectrics, it is important to study their long-term behavior. In this contribution, the pre-breakdown and breakdown behavior of ester fluids (synthetic and natural) under AC stress are investigated. Important characteristics, such as partial...

In the last decades, a large focus is being placed on the sustainability and safety of the power transformer spectrum. Ester liquids, which have interesting properties such as high fire point and biodegradability, are gaining needed attraction. Since in-service condition, thermal aging deteriorates the physicochemical and electrical properties of liquid dielectrics, it is important to study their long-term behavior. In this contribution, the pre-breakdown and breakdown behavior of ester fluids (synthetic and natural) under AC stress are investigated. Important characteristics, such as partial...

Côte d'Ivoire has, in order to diversify its economic resources, decided to exploit its mineral reserves. Industrial gold mining in Côte d'Ivoire began in 1991 with the opening of the Ity gold mine in the department of Zouan-Hounien, in the west of the country. Several regions of the country have seen mines open. In the Loh-Djiboua region, in the department of Divo, Hiré gold mine opened in 2013. Mine operations consist of mechanical extraction for oxidized ore but also blasting for sulfired ore. Mining operations are then supposed to take place at a minimum distance of five hundred meters fro...

Côte d'Ivoire has, in order to diversify its economic resources, decided to exploit its mineral reserves. Industrial gold mining in Côte d'Ivoire began in 1991 with the opening of the Ity gold mine in the department of Zouan-Hounien, in the west of the country. Several regions of the country have seen mines open. In the Loh-Djiboua region, in the department of Divo, Hiré gold mine opened in 2013. Mine operations consist of mechanical extraction for oxidized ore but also blasting for sulfired ore. Mining operations are then supposed to take place at a minimum distance of five hundred meters fro...

Côte d'Ivoire has, in order to diversify its economic resources, decided to exploit its mineral reserves. Industrial gold mining in Côte d'Ivoire began in 1991 with the opening of the Ity gold mine in the department of Zouan-Hounien, in the west of the country. Several regions of the country have seen mines open. In the Loh-Djiboua region, in the department of Divo, Hiré gold mine opened in 2013. Mine operations consist of mechanical extraction for oxidized ore but also blasting for sulfired ore. Mining operations are then supposed to take place at a minimum distance of five hundred meters fro...

The present study was carried out on small-scale gold mining sites in the Yaouré region of Côte d'Ivoire. This region is geologically representative of the Birimian formations (2.1 Ga) of West Africa. The aim is to determine the potentially toxic trace metals (TMEs) generated by these sites, with a view to preventing possible contamination and/or metal pollution of the waters that provide fish products for local populations. To this end, a sampling campaign was carried out, resulting in the collection of 20 mining waste samples analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and 10 by X-ray...

The present study was carried out on small-scale gold mining sites in the Yaouré region of Côte d'Ivoire. This region is geologically representative of the Birimian formations (2.1 Ga) of West Africa. The aim is to determine the potentially toxic trace metals (TMEs) generated by these sites, with a view to preventing possible contamination and/or metal pollution of the waters that provide fish products for local populations. To this end, a sampling campaign was carried out, resulting in the collection of 20 mining waste samples analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and 10 by X-ray...

The present study was carried out on small-scale gold mining sites in the Yaouré region of Côte d'Ivoire. This region is geologically representative of the Birimian formations (2.1 Ga) of West Africa. The aim is to determine the potentially toxic trace metals (TMEs) generated by these sites, with a view to preventing possible contamination and/or metal pollution of the waters that provide fish products for local populations. To this end, a sampling campaign was carried out, resulting in the collection of 20 mining waste samples analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and 10 by X-ray...

Cyanidation of gold was a milestone in gold metallurgy, which can be considered a golden development in the processing of gold bearing ores. Cyanidation has been a tremendous help in gold extraction because the previously used technology of amalgamation and chlorination yielded only 55%–65% extraction efficiency from the ores containing finer particles. The gold cyanidation process for its extraction from ore bodies involves heterogeneous reactions at the interfaces of solid and liquid. The rate of gold leaching in cyanide solution increases linearly with respective increase in cyanide concent...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of a cashew apple and pineapple blend juice (25:75 v / v).Various treatments were applied, including pasteurization (92 C, 15 min), aqueous extract of ginger (2.5 and 10%) and potassium sorbate (1g/kg).The physicochemical results revealed that the addition of the aqueous extract of ginger caused an increase in the content of ascorbic acid, total sugars, proteins and minerals such as magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and zinc.The microbiological analysis showed lower microbial counts of the treated samples compared to the control.The different t...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of a cashew apple and pineapple blend juice (25:75 v / v).Various treatments were applied, including pasteurization (92 C, 15 min), aqueous extract of ginger (2.5 and 10%) and potassium sorbate (1g/kg).The physicochemical results revealed that the addition of the aqueous extract of ginger caused an increase in the content of ascorbic acid, total sugars, proteins and minerals such as magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and zinc.The microbiological analysis showed lower microbial counts of the treated samples compared to the control.The different t...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of a cashew apple and pineapple blend juice (25:75 v / v).Various treatments were applied, including pasteurization (92 C, 15 min), aqueous extract of ginger (2.5 and 10%) and potassium sorbate (1g/kg).The physicochemical results revealed that the addition of the aqueous extract of ginger caused an increase in the content of ascorbic acid, total sugars, proteins and minerals such as magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and zinc.The microbiological analysis showed lower microbial counts of the treated samples compared to the control.The different t...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of a cashew apple and pineapple blend juice (25:75 v / v).Various treatments were applied, including pasteurization (92 C, 15 min), aqueous extract of ginger (2.5 and 10%) and potassium sorbate (1g/kg).The physicochemical results revealed that the addition of the aqueous extract of ginger caused an increase in the content of ascorbic acid, total sugars, proteins and minerals such as magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and zinc.The microbiological analysis showed lower microbial counts of the treated samples compared to the control.The different t...

Continuous logging and processing of wood generates sawdust, an undervalued bioresource in Africa. This study aims to valorize it to produce cylindrical biofuel briquettes. The binder used is potato peel starch. The percentage of binder, compaction pressure and retention time are studied by the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. ANOVA determined their effects on higher heating value (HHV), ash content and impact resistance index (IRI). The HHV ranged from 23074 to 26050 kJ/kg. The ash content is between 2.86 and 5.24%. The IRI ranges from 136.36 to 500%. The binder significantly affects...

Continuous logging and processing of wood generates sawdust, an undervalued bioresource in Africa. This study aims to valorize it to produce cylindrical biofuel briquettes. The binder used is potato peel starch. The percentage of binder, compaction pressure and retention time are studied by the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. ANOVA determined their effects on higher heating value (HHV), ash content and impact resistance index (IRI). The HHV ranged from 23074 to 26050 kJ/kg. The ash content is between 2.86 and 5.24%. The IRI ranges from 136.36 to 500%. The binder significantly affects...

Continuous logging and processing of wood generates sawdust, an undervalued bioresource in Africa. This study aims to valorize it to produce cylindrical biofuel briquettes. The binder used is potato peel starch. The percentage of binder, compaction pressure and retention time are studied by the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. ANOVA determined their effects on higher heating value (HHV), ash content and impact resistance index (IRI). The HHV ranged from 23074 to 26050 kJ/kg. The ash content is between 2.86 and 5.24%. The IRI ranges from 136.36 to 500%. The binder significantly affects...

Continuous logging and processing of wood generates sawdust, an undervalued bioresource in Africa. This study aims to valorize it to produce cylindrical biofuel briquettes. The binder used is potato peel starch. The percentage of binder, compaction pressure and retention time are studied by the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. ANOVA determined their effects on higher heating value (HHV), ash content and impact resistance index (IRI). The HHV ranged from 23074 to 26050 kJ/kg. The ash content is between 2.86 and 5.24%. The IRI ranges from 136.36 to 500%. The binder significantly affects...

Continuous logging and processing of wood generates sawdust, an undervalued bioresource in Africa. This study aims to valorize it to produce cylindrical biofuel briquettes. The binder used is potato peel starch. The percentage of binder, compaction pressure and retention time are studied by the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. ANOVA determined their effects on higher heating value (HHV), ash content and impact resistance index (IRI). The HHV ranged from 23074 to 26050 kJ/kg. The ash content is between 2.86 and 5.24%. The IRI ranges from 136.36 to 500%. The binder significantly affects...

Continuous logging and processing of wood generates sawdust, an undervalued bioresource in Africa. This study aims to valorize it to produce cylindrical biofuel briquettes. The binder used is potato peel starch. The percentage of binder, compaction pressure and retention time are studied by the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. ANOVA determined their effects on higher heating value (HHV), ash content and impact resistance index (IRI). The HHV ranged from 23074 to 26050 kJ/kg. The ash content is between 2.86 and 5.24%. The IRI ranges from 136.36 to 500%. The binder significantly affects...

Continuous logging and processing of wood generates sawdust, an undervalued bioresource in Africa. This study aims to valorize it to produce cylindrical biofuel briquettes. The binder used is potato peel starch. The percentage of binder, compaction pressure and retention time are studied by the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. ANOVA determined their effects on higher heating value (HHV), ash content and impact resistance index (IRI). The HHV ranged from 23074 to 26050 kJ/kg. The ash content is between 2.86 and 5.24%. The IRI ranges from 136.36 to 500%. The binder significantly affects...

Continuous logging and processing of wood generates sawdust, an undervalued bioresource in Africa. This study aims to valorize it to produce cylindrical biofuel briquettes. The binder used is potato peel starch. The percentage of binder, compaction pressure and retention time are studied by the Box-Behnken response surface methodology. ANOVA determined their effects on higher heating value (HHV), ash content and impact resistance index (IRI). The HHV ranged from 23074 to 26050 kJ/kg. The ash content is between 2.86 and 5.24%. The IRI ranges from 136.36 to 500%. The binder significantly affects...

Anaerobic digestion is the natural biological process of organic matter's degradation in absence of oxygen (anaerobic).In this work we estimated the potential of biogas production by anaerobic digestion of fermentable residues from agricultural origin in Côte d'Ivoire.To date, no quantitative estimation or physicochemical parameters of agricultural residues have been undertaken on a national scale in Côte d'Ivoire.This work gives an initial contribution to the estimation of biogas production potential by the anaerobic digestion process of agricultural residues.It was developed on the basis of...

Anaerobic digestion is the natural biological process of organic matter's degradation in absence of oxygen (anaerobic).In this work we estimated the potential of biogas production by anaerobic digestion of fermentable residues from agricultural origin in Côte d'Ivoire.To date, no quantitative estimation or physicochemical parameters of agricultural residues have been undertaken on a national scale in Côte d'Ivoire.This work gives an initial contribution to the estimation of biogas production potential by the anaerobic digestion process of agricultural residues.It was developed on the basis of...

To produce high-purity silica sand usable for glass making, the present study was carried out. The objective of this work was to increase the silicon dioxide (SiO2) content to at least 99% using a simple process without chemical input. The raw sand samples were taken from the Ivorian sedimentary basin, from Maféré and Assinie areas, Côte d’Ivoire. Wet sieving and attrition technique were used for the purification process. The results from the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyses of the raw and treated samples show a significant increase of silica content and a significant reduction of...

To produce high-purity silica sand usable for glass making, the present study was carried out. The objective of this work was to increase the silicon dioxide (SiO2) content to at least 99% using a simple process without chemical input. The raw sand samples were taken from the Ivorian sedimentary basin, from Maféré and Assinie areas, Côte d’Ivoire. Wet sieving and attrition technique were used for the purification process. The results from the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyses of the raw and treated samples show a significant increase of silica content and a significant reduction of...

To produce high-purity silica sand usable for glass making, the present study was carried out. The objective of this work was to increase the silicon dioxide (SiO2) content to at least 99% using a simple process without chemical input. The raw sand samples were taken from the Ivorian sedimentary basin, from Maféré and Assinie areas, Côte d’Ivoire. Wet sieving and attrition technique were used for the purification process. The results from the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyses of the raw and treated samples show a significant increase of silica content and a significant reduction of...

To produce high-purity silica sand usable for glass making, the present study was carried out. The objective of this work was to increase the silicon dioxide (SiO2) content to at least 99% using a simple process without chemical input. The raw sand samples were taken from the Ivorian sedimentary basin, from Maféré and Assinie areas, Côte d’Ivoire. Wet sieving and attrition technique were used for the purification process. The results from the energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyses of the raw and treated samples show a significant increase of silica content and a significant reduction of...

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a exp...

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a exp...

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a exp...

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a exp...

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a exp...

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a exp...

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a exp...

The valorisation of agricultural residues into a high value-added product is necessary to respond to the global environmental concerns caused by the pollution of agricultural waste. The objective of this study was to shed light on a new value-added usage of cocoa pod husk (CPH) for the synthesis of cellulose triacetate (CTA). Alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide (5 wt%) followed by bleaching process with (2 wt%) hydrogen peroxide was found effective for the extraction of cellulose from CPH. The percentage of cellulose obtained was 80.5% with a yield of 54%. The CTA was synthesised by a exp...

This paper aims at determining the price or market value of teak plantations at different ages of stand growth in Côte d'Ivoire. To do, we use both cost price values and expectation values methods. The data required for estimation are on silviculture, teak growth model, expenditures, receipts and discount rate; we consider three main phytogeographic areas (wet forest, pre-forest, savannah). Our results show that teak plantations have significant annual monetary values since the establishment of plantations until clear-cut, whatever the area; the tables of estimated annual values can be used as...

The aim of the study is to produce a solid biofuel of high physico-mechanical and energetic quality from heat-treated cashew nut shells. Raw cashew nut shells are heat treated at 300 °C for 120 min at a heating rate of 1 °C/s. The resulting biochar is milled to 74 μm. Sugar cane molasses was incorporated into the biochar powder at a rate of 10% without the addition of water. The mass yields of solid, liquid and gaseous products obtained were 46.5%, 27.6% and 25.9% respectively. The solid biofuel produced has slightly improved physicochemical and energy properties over biochar, except ash and m...

The aim of the study is to produce a solid biofuel of high physico-mechanical and energetic quality from heat-treated cashew nut shells. Raw cashew nut shells are heat treated at 300 °C for 120 min at a heating rate of 1 °C/s. The resulting biochar is milled to 74 μm. Sugar cane molasses was incorporated into the biochar powder at a rate of 10% without the addition of water. The mass yields of solid, liquid and gaseous products obtained were 46.5%, 27.6% and 25.9% respectively. The solid biofuel produced has slightly improved physicochemical and energy properties over biochar, except ash and m...

The aim of the study is to produce a solid biofuel of high physico-mechanical and energetic quality from heat-treated cashew nut shells. Raw cashew nut shells are heat treated at 300 °C for 120 min at a heating rate of 1 °C/s. The resulting biochar is milled to 74 μm. Sugar cane molasses was incorporated into the biochar powder at a rate of 10% without the addition of water. The mass yields of solid, liquid and gaseous products obtained were 46.5%, 27.6% and 25.9% respectively. The solid biofuel produced has slightly improved physicochemical and energy properties over biochar, except ash and m...

The aim of the study is to produce a solid biofuel of high physico-mechanical and energetic quality from heat-treated cashew nut shells. Raw cashew nut shells are heat treated at 300 °C for 120 min at a heating rate of 1 °C/s. The resulting biochar is milled to 74 μm. Sugar cane molasses was incorporated into the biochar powder at a rate of 10% without the addition of water. The mass yields of solid, liquid and gaseous products obtained were 46.5%, 27.6% and 25.9% respectively. The solid biofuel produced has slightly improved physicochemical and energy properties over biochar, except ash and m...

The aim of the study is to produce a solid biofuel of high physico-mechanical and energetic quality from heat-treated cashew nut shells. Raw cashew nut shells are heat treated at 300 °C for 120 min at a heating rate of 1 °C/s. The resulting biochar is milled to 74 μm. Sugar cane molasses was incorporated into the biochar powder at a rate of 10% without the addition of water. The mass yields of solid, liquid and gaseous products obtained were 46.5%, 27.6% and 25.9% respectively. The solid biofuel produced has slightly improved physicochemical and energy properties over biochar, except ash and m...

The aim of the study is to produce a solid biofuel of high physico-mechanical and energetic quality from heat-treated cashew nut shells. Raw cashew nut shells are heat treated at 300 °C for 120 min at a heating rate of 1 °C/s. The resulting biochar is milled to 74 μm. Sugar cane molasses was incorporated into the biochar powder at a rate of 10% without the addition of water. The mass yields of solid, liquid and gaseous products obtained were 46.5%, 27.6% and 25.9% respectively. The solid biofuel produced has slightly improved physicochemical and energy properties over biochar, except ash and m...

This study focuses on enhancing the value of agricultural products by developing a process to produce wine from cashew apples enriched with extracts from Hibiscus sabdariffa. The formulation consisted of a blend of cashew apple juice and Hibiscus calyxes in a ratio of 90:10 (w/w). The Hibiscus calyxes were added at three different stages: before, during, and after fermentation. The physico-chemical analysis of the resulting wines revealed a pH range of 3.073 ± 0.005 to 3.583 ± 0.015 and acidity levels ranging from 4.018 ± 0.028 to 5.628 ± 0.059 g/L. The alcoholic strength ranged from 13.54% ±...

This study focuses on enhancing the value of agricultural products by developing a process to produce wine from cashew apples enriched with extracts from Hibiscus sabdariffa. The formulation consisted of a blend of cashew apple juice and Hibiscus calyxes in a ratio of 90:10 (w/w). The Hibiscus calyxes were added at three different stages: before, during, and after fermentation. The physico-chemical analysis of the resulting wines revealed a pH range of 3.073 ± 0.005 to 3.583 ± 0.015 and acidity levels ranging from 4.018 ± 0.028 to 5.628 ± 0.059 g/L. The alcoholic strength ranged from 13.54% ±...