PSR

In the tricyclic title compound, C 11 H 12 N 2 OS, the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation. This ring makes dihedral angles of 27.72 (7) and 45.17 (7)°, respectively, with the isoxazole and the cyclohexa-1,3-diene rings while the isoxazole ring is oriented at an acute angle of 63.46 (7)° with respect to the cyclohexa-1,3-diene ring. In the crystal, molecules associate via C—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.

In the tricyclic title compound, C 11 H 12 N 2 OS, the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation. This ring makes dihedral angles of 27.72 (7) and 45.17 (7)°, respectively, with the isoxazole and the cyclohexa-1,3-diene rings while the isoxazole ring is oriented at an acute angle of 63.46 (7)° with respect to the cyclohexa-1,3-diene ring. In the crystal, molecules associate via C—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.

In the tricyclic title compound, C 11 H 12 N 2 OS, the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation. This ring makes dihedral angles of 27.72 (7) and 45.17 (7)°, respectively, with the isoxazole and the cyclohexa-1,3-diene rings while the isoxazole ring is oriented at an acute angle of 63.46 (7)° with respect to the cyclohexa-1,3-diene ring. In the crystal, molecules associate via C—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.

In the tricyclic title compound, C 11 H 12 N 2 OS, the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation. This ring makes dihedral angles of 27.72 (7) and 45.17 (7)°, respectively, with the isoxazole and the cyclohexa-1,3-diene rings while the isoxazole ring is oriented at an acute angle of 63.46 (7)° with respect to the cyclohexa-1,3-diene ring. In the crystal, molecules associate via C—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.

In the tricyclic title compound, C 11 H 12 N 2 OS, the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation. This ring makes dihedral angles of 27.72 (7) and 45.17 (7)°, respectively, with the isoxazole and the cyclohexa-1,3-diene rings while the isoxazole ring is oriented at an acute angle of 63.46 (7)° with respect to the cyclohexa-1,3-diene ring. In the crystal, molecules associate via C—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.

In the tricyclic title compound, C 11 H 12 N 2 OS, the 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation. This ring makes dihedral angles of 27.72 (7) and 45.17 (7)°, respectively, with the isoxazole and the cyclohexa-1,3-diene rings while the isoxazole ring is oriented at an acute angle of 63.46 (7)° with respect to the cyclohexa-1,3-diene ring. In the crystal, molecules associate via C—H...N hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.

In the mobile radio industry, planning is a fundamental step for the deployment and commissioning of a Telecom network. The proposed models are based on the technology and the focussed architecture. In this context, we introduce a comprehensive single-lens model for a fourth generation mobile network, Long Term Evolution Advanced Network (4G/LTE-A) technology which includes three sub assignments: cells in the core network. In the resolution, we propose an adaptation of the Genetic Evolutionary Algorithm for a global resolution. This is a combinatorial optimization problem that is considered as...

In the mobile radio industry, planning is a fundamental step for the deployment and commissioning of a Telecom network. The proposed models are based on the technology and the focussed architecture. In this context, we introduce a comprehensive single-lens model for a fourth generation mobile network, Long Term Evolution Advanced Network (4G/LTE-A) technology which includes three sub assignments: cells in the core network. In the resolution, we propose an adaptation of the Genetic Evolutionary Algorithm for a global resolution. This is a combinatorial optimization problem that is considered as...

In the mobile radio industry, planning is a fundamental step for the deployment and commissioning of a Telecom network. The proposed models are based on the technology and the focussed architecture. In this context, we introduce a comprehensive single-lens model for a fourth generation mobile network, Long Term Evolution Advanced Network (4G/LTE-A) technology which includes three sub assignments: cells in the core network. In the resolution, we propose an adaptation of the Genetic Evolutionary Algorithm for a global resolution. This is a combinatorial optimization problem that is considered as...

In the mobile radio industry, planning is a fundamental step for the deployment and commissioning of a Telecom network. The proposed models are based on the technology and the focussed architecture. In this context, we introduce a comprehensive single-lens model for a fourth generation mobile network, Long Term Evolution Advanced Network (4G/LTE-A) technology which includes three sub assignments: cells in the core network. In the resolution, we propose an adaptation of the Genetic Evolutionary Algorithm for a global resolution. This is a combinatorial optimization problem that is considered as...

In the mobile radio industry, planning is a fundamental step for the deployment and commissioning of a Telecom network. The proposed models are based on the technology and the focussed architecture. In this context, we introduce a comprehensive single-lens model for a fourth generation mobile network, Long Term Evolution Advanced Network (4G/LTE-A) technology which includes three sub assignments: cells in the core network. In the resolution, we propose an adaptation of the Genetic Evolutionary Algorithm for a global resolution. This is a combinatorial optimization problem that is considered as...

In the mobile radio industry, planning is a fundamental step for the deployment and commissioning of a Telecom network. The proposed models are based on the technology and the focussed architecture. In this context, we introduce a comprehensive single-lens model for a fourth generation mobile network, Long Term Evolution Advanced Network (4G/LTE-A) technology which includes three sub assignments: cells in the core network. In the resolution, we propose an adaptation of the Genetic Evolutionary Algorithm for a global resolution. This is a combinatorial optimization problem that is considered as...

In the mobile radio industry, planning is a fundamental step for the deployment and commissioning of a Telecom network. The proposed models are based on the technology and the focussed architecture. In this context, we introduce a comprehensive single-lens model for a fourth generation mobile network, Long Term Evolution Advanced Network (4G/LTE-A) technology which includes three sub assignments: cells in the core network. In the resolution, we propose an adaptation of the Genetic Evolutionary Algorithm for a global resolution. This is a combinatorial optimization problem that is considered as...

The main idea of using IoT applications is to effectively manage information from objects to improve decision making. To do this, one strategy is to use the power of information fusion techniques. This consists to combine informations from various information sources. However, information fusion becomes complex when the number of sources becomes more significant these sources give contradictory information. In this paper, we propose an approach based on the belief entropy in Dempster-Shafer framework to solve the problem of conflict. After analysing the various existing methods, we show the pe...

The main idea of using IoT applications is to effectively manage information from objects to improve decision making. To do this, one strategy is to use the power of information fusion techniques. This consists to combine informations from various information sources. However, information fusion becomes complex when the number of sources becomes more significant these sources give contradictory information. In this paper, we propose an approach based on the belief entropy in Dempster-Shafer framework to solve the problem of conflict. After analysing the various existing methods, we show the pe...

The main idea of using IoT applications is to effectively manage information from objects to improve decision making. To do this, one strategy is to use the power of information fusion techniques. This consists to combine informations from various information sources. However, information fusion becomes complex when the number of sources becomes more significant these sources give contradictory information. In this paper, we propose an approach based on the belief entropy in Dempster-Shafer framework to solve the problem of conflict. After analysing the various existing methods, we show the pe...

The main idea of using IoT applications is to effectively manage information from objects to improve decision making. To do this, one strategy is to use the power of information fusion techniques. This consists to combine informations from various information sources. However, information fusion becomes complex when the number of sources becomes more significant these sources give contradictory information. In this paper, we propose an approach based on the belief entropy in Dempster-Shafer framework to solve the problem of conflict. After analysing the various existing methods, we show the pe...

The main idea of using IoT applications is to effectively manage information from objects to improve decision making. To do this, one strategy is to use the power of information fusion techniques. This consists to combine informations from various information sources. However, information fusion becomes complex when the number of sources becomes more significant these sources give contradictory information. In this paper, we propose an approach based on the belief entropy in Dempster-Shafer framework to solve the problem of conflict. After analysing the various existing methods, we show the pe...

Local Binary Patterns (LBPs) have been highly used in texture classification for their robustness, their ease of implementation and their low computational cost. Initially designed to deal with gray level images, several methods based on them in the literature have been proposed for images having more than one spectral band. To achieve it, whether assumption using color information or combining spectral band two by two was done. Those methods use micro structures as texture features. In this paper, our goal was to design texture features which are relevant to color and multicomponent texture a...

Local Binary Patterns (LBPs) have been highly used in texture classification for their robustness, their ease of implementation and their low computational cost. Initially designed to deal with gray level images, several methods based on them in the literature have been proposed for images having more than one spectral band. To achieve it, whether assumption using color information or combining spectral band two by two was done. Those methods use micro structures as texture features. In this paper, our goal was to design texture features which are relevant to color and multicomponent texture a...

Local Binary Patterns (LBPs) have been highly used in texture classification for their robustness, their ease of implementation and their low computational cost. Initially designed to deal with gray level images, several methods based on them in the literature have been proposed for images having more than one spectral band. To achieve it, whether assumption using color information or combining spectral band two by two was done. Those methods use micro structures as texture features. In this paper, our goal was to design texture features which are relevant to color and multicomponent texture a...

Local Binary Patterns (LBPs) have been highly used in texture classification for their robustness, their ease of implementation and their low computational cost. Initially designed to deal with gray level images, several methods based on them in the literature have been proposed for images having more than one spectral band. To achieve it, whether assumption using color information or combining spectral band two by two was done. Those methods use micro structures as texture features. In this paper, our goal was to design texture features which are relevant to color and multicomponent texture a...

La présente étude menée sur le bassin du Haut Bandama à Tortiya (entre 8° 40' et 10° 20' de latitude nord et 5° et 6° 20' de longitude ouest) dans la région nord de la Côte d'Ivoire vise à comprendre l'hydroclimatologie et la dynamique de l'occupation du sol en vue de mieux gérer les ressources en eau. Elle se base sur l'exploitation des données pluviométriques et hydrométriques (débits) et des images satellitaires. Ainsi, l'application des tests statistiques de rupture (Pettitt, Lee et Heghinian) montre une modification du régime pluviométrique intervenue au cours des années 1970. Cette modif...

La présente étude menée sur le bassin du Haut Bandama à Tortiya (entre 8° 40' et 10° 20' de latitude nord et 5° et 6° 20' de longitude ouest) dans la région nord de la Côte d'Ivoire vise à comprendre l'hydroclimatologie et la dynamique de l'occupation du sol en vue de mieux gérer les ressources en eau. Elle se base sur l'exploitation des données pluviométriques et hydrométriques (débits) et des images satellitaires. Ainsi, l'application des tests statistiques de rupture (Pettitt, Lee et Heghinian) montre une modification du régime pluviométrique intervenue au cours des années 1970. Cette modif...

La présente étude menée sur le bassin du Haut Bandama à Tortiya (entre 8° 40' et 10° 20' de latitude nord et 5° et 6° 20' de longitude ouest) dans la région nord de la Côte d'Ivoire vise à comprendre l'hydroclimatologie et la dynamique de l'occupation du sol en vue de mieux gérer les ressources en eau. Elle se base sur l'exploitation des données pluviométriques et hydrométriques (débits) et des images satellitaires. Ainsi, l'application des tests statistiques de rupture (Pettitt, Lee et Heghinian) montre une modification du régime pluviométrique intervenue au cours des années 1970. Cette modif...

La présente étude menée sur le bassin du Haut Bandama à Tortiya (entre 8° 40' et 10° 20' de latitude nord et 5° et 6° 20' de longitude ouest) dans la région nord de la Côte d'Ivoire vise à comprendre l'hydroclimatologie et la dynamique de l'occupation du sol en vue de mieux gérer les ressources en eau. Elle se base sur l'exploitation des données pluviométriques et hydrométriques (débits) et des images satellitaires. Ainsi, l'application des tests statistiques de rupture (Pettitt, Lee et Heghinian) montre une modification du régime pluviométrique intervenue au cours des années 1970. Cette modif...

La présente étude menée sur le bassin du Haut Bandama à Tortiya (entre 8° 40' et 10° 20' de latitude nord et 5° et 6° 20' de longitude ouest) dans la région nord de la Côte d'Ivoire vise à comprendre l'hydroclimatologie et la dynamique de l'occupation du sol en vue de mieux gérer les ressources en eau. Elle se base sur l'exploitation des données pluviométriques et hydrométriques (débits) et des images satellitaires. Ainsi, l'application des tests statistiques de rupture (Pettitt, Lee et Heghinian) montre une modification du régime pluviométrique intervenue au cours des années 1970. Cette modif...

La présente étude menée sur le bassin du Haut Bandama à Tortiya (entre 8° 40' et 10° 20' de latitude nord et 5° et 6° 20' de longitude ouest) dans la région nord de la Côte d'Ivoire vise à comprendre l'hydroclimatologie et la dynamique de l'occupation du sol en vue de mieux gérer les ressources en eau. Elle se base sur l'exploitation des données pluviométriques et hydrométriques (débits) et des images satellitaires. Ainsi, l'application des tests statistiques de rupture (Pettitt, Lee et Heghinian) montre une modification du régime pluviométrique intervenue au cours des années 1970. Cette modif...

La présente étude menée sur le bassin du Haut Bandama à Tortiya (entre 8° 40' et 10° 20' de latitude nord et 5° et 6° 20' de longitude ouest) dans la région nord de la Côte d'Ivoire vise à comprendre l'hydroclimatologie et la dynamique de l'occupation du sol en vue de mieux gérer les ressources en eau. Elle se base sur l'exploitation des données pluviométriques et hydrométriques (débits) et des images satellitaires. Ainsi, l'application des tests statistiques de rupture (Pettitt, Lee et Heghinian) montre une modification du régime pluviométrique intervenue au cours des années 1970. Cette modif...

La présente étude menée sur le bassin du Haut Bandama à Tortiya (entre 8° 40' et 10° 20' de latitude nord et 5° et 6° 20' de longitude ouest) dans la région nord de la Côte d'Ivoire vise à comprendre l'hydroclimatologie et la dynamique de l'occupation du sol en vue de mieux gérer les ressources en eau. Elle se base sur l'exploitation des données pluviométriques et hydrométriques (débits) et des images satellitaires. Ainsi, l'application des tests statistiques de rupture (Pettitt, Lee et Heghinian) montre une modification du régime pluviométrique intervenue au cours des années 1970. Cette modif...

Objectif: Les techniques post récoltes jouent un rôle déterminant dans la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines. Cette étude a pour objectif de contribuer à réduire la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines en Côte d’Ivoire par l’identification des pratiques post récoltes à risque.Méthodologie et résultats: Un questionnaire a permis de recueillir les renseignements sur lesdites pratiques dans trois régions : nord, centre et ouest. Le séchage de l’arachide se fait au soleil quel que soit la localité et dure en moyenne 4 à 14 jours. Les arachides sont séchées et conservées en...

Objectif: Les techniques post récoltes jouent un rôle déterminant dans la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines. Cette étude a pour objectif de contribuer à réduire la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines en Côte d’Ivoire par l’identification des pratiques post récoltes à risque.Méthodologie et résultats: Un questionnaire a permis de recueillir les renseignements sur lesdites pratiques dans trois régions : nord, centre et ouest. Le séchage de l’arachide se fait au soleil quel que soit la localité et dure en moyenne 4 à 14 jours. Les arachides sont séchées et conservées en...

Objectif: Les techniques post récoltes jouent un rôle déterminant dans la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines. Cette étude a pour objectif de contribuer à réduire la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines en Côte d’Ivoire par l’identification des pratiques post récoltes à risque.Méthodologie et résultats: Un questionnaire a permis de recueillir les renseignements sur lesdites pratiques dans trois régions : nord, centre et ouest. Le séchage de l’arachide se fait au soleil quel que soit la localité et dure en moyenne 4 à 14 jours. Les arachides sont séchées et conservées en...

Objectif: Les techniques post récoltes jouent un rôle déterminant dans la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines. Cette étude a pour objectif de contribuer à réduire la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines en Côte d’Ivoire par l’identification des pratiques post récoltes à risque.Méthodologie et résultats: Un questionnaire a permis de recueillir les renseignements sur lesdites pratiques dans trois régions : nord, centre et ouest. Le séchage de l’arachide se fait au soleil quel que soit la localité et dure en moyenne 4 à 14 jours. Les arachides sont séchées et conservées en...

Objectif: Les techniques post récoltes jouent un rôle déterminant dans la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines. Cette étude a pour objectif de contribuer à réduire la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines en Côte d’Ivoire par l’identification des pratiques post récoltes à risque.Méthodologie et résultats: Un questionnaire a permis de recueillir les renseignements sur lesdites pratiques dans trois régions : nord, centre et ouest. Le séchage de l’arachide se fait au soleil quel que soit la localité et dure en moyenne 4 à 14 jours. Les arachides sont séchées et conservées en...

Objectif: Les techniques post récoltes jouent un rôle déterminant dans la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines. Cette étude a pour objectif de contribuer à réduire la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines en Côte d’Ivoire par l’identification des pratiques post récoltes à risque.Méthodologie et résultats: Un questionnaire a permis de recueillir les renseignements sur lesdites pratiques dans trois régions : nord, centre et ouest. Le séchage de l’arachide se fait au soleil quel que soit la localité et dure en moyenne 4 à 14 jours. Les arachides sont séchées et conservées en...

Objectif: Les techniques post récoltes jouent un rôle déterminant dans la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines. Cette étude a pour objectif de contribuer à réduire la contamination de l’arachide par les aflatoxines en Côte d’Ivoire par l’identification des pratiques post récoltes à risque.Méthodologie et résultats: Un questionnaire a permis de recueillir les renseignements sur lesdites pratiques dans trois régions : nord, centre et ouest. Le séchage de l’arachide se fait au soleil quel que soit la localité et dure en moyenne 4 à 14 jours. Les arachides sont séchées et conservées en...

We examine primitive roots modulo the Fermat number $F_m=2^{2^m}+1$. We show that an odd integer $n\ge 3$ is a Fermat prime if and only if the set of primitive roots modulo $n$ is equal to the set of quadratic non-residues modulo $n$. This result is extended to primitive roots modulo twice a Fermat number.

We examine primitive roots modulo the Fermat number $F_m=2^{2^m}+1$. We show that an odd integer $n\ge 3$ is a Fermat prime if and only if the set of primitive roots modulo $n$ is equal to the set of quadratic non-residues modulo $n$. This result is extended to primitive roots modulo twice a Fermat number.

This study aims to compare the results of a memetic algorithm with those of the two-phase decomposition heuristic on the external depot production routing problem in a supply chain. We have modified the classical scheme of a genetic algorithm by replacing the mutation operator by three local search algorithms. The first local search consists in exchanging two customers visited the same day. The second consists in trying an exchange between two customers visited at consecutive periods and the third consists in removing a customer from his current tour for a better insertion in any tour of the s...

This study aims to compare the results of a memetic algorithm with those of the two-phase decomposition heuristic on the external depot production routing problem in a supply chain. We have modified the classical scheme of a genetic algorithm by replacing the mutation operator by three local search algorithms. The first local search consists in exchanging two customers visited the same day. The second consists in trying an exchange between two customers visited at consecutive periods and the third consists in removing a customer from his current tour for a better insertion in any tour of the s...

This study aims to compare the results of a memetic algorithm with those of the two-phase decomposition heuristic on the external depot production routing problem in a supply chain. We have modified the classical scheme of a genetic algorithm by replacing the mutation operator by three local search algorithms. The first local search consists in exchanging two customers visited the same day. The second consists in trying an exchange between two customers visited at consecutive periods and the third consists in removing a customer from his current tour for a better insertion in any tour of the s...

This study aims to compare the results of a memetic algorithm with those of the two-phase decomposition heuristic on the external depot production routing problem in a supply chain. We have modified the classical scheme of a genetic algorithm by replacing the mutation operator by three local search algorithms. The first local search consists in exchanging two customers visited the same day. The second consists in trying an exchange between two customers visited at consecutive periods and the third consists in removing a customer from his current tour for a better insertion in any tour of the s...

This study aims to compare the results of a memetic algorithm with those of the two-phase decomposition heuristic on the external depot production routing problem in a supply chain. We have modified the classical scheme of a genetic algorithm by replacing the mutation operator by three local search algorithms. The first local search consists in exchanging two customers visited the same day. The second consists in trying an exchange between two customers visited at consecutive periods and the third consists in removing a customer from his current tour for a better insertion in any tour of the s...

This study aims to compare the results of a memetic algorithm with those of the two-phase decomposition heuristic on the external depot production routing problem in a supply chain. We have modified the classical scheme of a genetic algorithm by replacing the mutation operator by three local search algorithms. The first local search consists in exchanging two customers visited the same day. The second consists in trying an exchange between two customers visited at consecutive periods and the third consists in removing a customer from his current tour for a better insertion in any tour of the s...

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are computer-based learning environments that aim to imitate to the greatest possible extent the behavior of a human tutor in their capacity as a pedagogical and subject expert. One of the major challenges of these systems is to know how to adapt the training both to changing requirements of all kinds and to student knowledge and reactions. The activities recommended by these systems mainly involve active student performance prediction that, nowadays, becomes problematic in the face of the expectations of the present world. In the associated literature, sever...

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are computer-based learning environments that aim to imitate to the greatest possible extent the behavior of a human tutor in their capacity as a pedagogical and subject expert. One of the major challenges of these systems is to know how to adapt the training both to changing requirements of all kinds and to student knowledge and reactions. The activities recommended by these systems mainly involve active student performance prediction that, nowadays, becomes problematic in the face of the expectations of the present world. In the associated literature, sever...

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are computer-based learning environments that aim to imitate to the greatest possible extent the behavior of a human tutor in their capacity as a pedagogical and subject expert. One of the major challenges of these systems is to know how to adapt the training both to changing requirements of all kinds and to student knowledge and reactions. The activities recommended by these systems mainly involve active student performance prediction that, nowadays, becomes problematic in the face of the expectations of the present world. In the associated literature, sever...

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are computer-based learning environments that aim to imitate to the greatest possible extent the behavior of a human tutor in their capacity as a pedagogical and subject expert. One of the major challenges of these systems is to know how to adapt the training both to changing requirements of all kinds and to student knowledge and reactions. The activities recommended by these systems mainly involve active student performance prediction that, nowadays, becomes problematic in the face of the expectations of the present world. In the associated literature, sever...

Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are computer-based learning environments that aim to imitate to the greatest possible extent the behavior of a human tutor in their capacity as a pedagogical and subject expert. One of the major challenges of these systems is to know how to adapt the training both to changing requirements of all kinds and to student knowledge and reactions. The activities recommended by these systems mainly involve active student performance prediction that, nowadays, becomes problematic in the face of the expectations of the present world. In the associated literature, sever...

In this article, a new family of Runge-Kutta methods of 8^th order for solving ordinary differential equations is discovered and depends on the parameters b_8 and a_10;5. For b8 = 49/180 and a10;5 = 1/9, we find the Cooper-Verner method [1]. We show that the stability region depends only on coefficient a_10;5. We compare the stability regions according to the values of a_10;5 with respect to the stability region of Cooper-Verner.

In this article, a new family of Runge-Kutta methods of 8^th order for solving ordinary differential equations is discovered and depends on the parameters b_8 and a_10;5. For b8 = 49/180 and a10;5 = 1/9, we find the Cooper-Verner method [1]. We show that the stability region depends only on coefficient a_10;5. We compare the stability regions according to the values of a_10;5 with respect to the stability region of Cooper-Verner.

Le non-respect des règles d’hygiène au cours de la production des laits fermentés peut quelquefois induire une contamination des produits par des microorganismes potentiellement pathogènes. C’est dans cette optique qu’une étude a été réalisée dans le but d’évaluer la qualité physico-chimique et microbiologique des laits fermentés consommés dans la ville de Maroua (Cameroun). La méthode de titration a été utilisée pour les paramètres physico-chimiques et la technique de culture sur boites de pétri a été utilisée pour les analyses microbiologiques. Les résultats obtenus au cours des analyses phy...

Le non-respect des règles d’hygiène au cours de la production des laits fermentés peut quelquefois induire une contamination des produits par des microorganismes potentiellement pathogènes. C’est dans cette optique qu’une étude a été réalisée dans le but d’évaluer la qualité physico-chimique et microbiologique des laits fermentés consommés dans la ville de Maroua (Cameroun). La méthode de titration a été utilisée pour les paramètres physico-chimiques et la technique de culture sur boites de pétri a été utilisée pour les analyses microbiologiques. Les résultats obtenus au cours des analyses phy...

Le non-respect des règles d’hygiène au cours de la production des laits fermentés peut quelquefois induire une contamination des produits par des microorganismes potentiellement pathogènes. C’est dans cette optique qu’une étude a été réalisée dans le but d’évaluer la qualité physico-chimique et microbiologique des laits fermentés consommés dans la ville de Maroua (Cameroun). La méthode de titration a été utilisée pour les paramètres physico-chimiques et la technique de culture sur boites de pétri a été utilisée pour les analyses microbiologiques. Les résultats obtenus au cours des analyses phy...

Le non-respect des règles d’hygiène au cours de la production des laits fermentés peut quelquefois induire une contamination des produits par des microorganismes potentiellement pathogènes. C’est dans cette optique qu’une étude a été réalisée dans le but d’évaluer la qualité physico-chimique et microbiologique des laits fermentés consommés dans la ville de Maroua (Cameroun). La méthode de titration a été utilisée pour les paramètres physico-chimiques et la technique de culture sur boites de pétri a été utilisée pour les analyses microbiologiques. Les résultats obtenus au cours des analyses phy...

Le non-respect des règles d’hygiène au cours de la production des laits fermentés peut quelquefois induire une contamination des produits par des microorganismes potentiellement pathogènes. C’est dans cette optique qu’une étude a été réalisée dans le but d’évaluer la qualité physico-chimique et microbiologique des laits fermentés consommés dans la ville de Maroua (Cameroun). La méthode de titration a été utilisée pour les paramètres physico-chimiques et la technique de culture sur boites de pétri a été utilisée pour les analyses microbiologiques. Les résultats obtenus au cours des analyses phy...

Le non-respect des règles d’hygiène au cours de la production des laits fermentés peut quelquefois induire une contamination des produits par des microorganismes potentiellement pathogènes. C’est dans cette optique qu’une étude a été réalisée dans le but d’évaluer la qualité physico-chimique et microbiologique des laits fermentés consommés dans la ville de Maroua (Cameroun). La méthode de titration a été utilisée pour les paramètres physico-chimiques et la technique de culture sur boites de pétri a été utilisée pour les analyses microbiologiques. Les résultats obtenus au cours des analyses phy...

La prévision du risque de crédit des PME a été largement abordée par la littérature financière et comptable. Plusieurs travaux de recherches ont permis d’aboutir à modèles et techniques de prédiction qui peuvent être adaptés à différents pays et secteurs d’activité.
 Dans cette étude, nous visons à évaluer le risque de défaut de solvabilité des PME en utilisant un modèle de la régression logistique, sur un échantillon de PME du secteur du bâtiment, travaux publiques et hydraulique (BTPH) privé algérien.

La prévision du risque de crédit des PME a été largement abordée par la littérature financière et comptable. Plusieurs travaux de recherches ont permis d’aboutir à modèles et techniques de prédiction qui peuvent être adaptés à différents pays et secteurs d’activité.
 Dans cette étude, nous visons à évaluer le risque de défaut de solvabilité des PME en utilisant un modèle de la régression logistique, sur un échantillon de PME du secteur du bâtiment, travaux publiques et hydraulique (BTPH) privé algérien.

La prévision du risque de crédit des PME a été largement abordée par la littérature financière et comptable. Plusieurs travaux de recherches ont permis d’aboutir à modèles et techniques de prédiction qui peuvent être adaptés à différents pays et secteurs d’activité.
 Dans cette étude, nous visons à évaluer le risque de défaut de solvabilité des PME en utilisant un modèle de la régression logistique, sur un échantillon de PME du secteur du bâtiment, travaux publiques et hydraulique (BTPH) privé algérien.

L’’Afrique subsaharienne a connu des changements sans précédent de la couverture et de l’utilisation des sols au cours des dernières décennies, affectant l’abondance et la répartition des espèces et modifiant la productivité des écosystèmes (Sala, 2000 ; Pfeifer et al., 2012). Les principaux moteurs de ces changements sont à la fois humains et naturels, notamment un taux élevé de croissance démographique, le développement économique et la mondialisation d’une part, et des risques tels que la sécheresse et le changement climatique d’autre part (Brink et Eva, 2009). Dans ce contexte, les aires p...

In patch-based inpainting methods, the order of filling the areas to be restored is very important. This filling order is defined by a priority function that integrates two parameters: confidence term and data term. The priority, as initially defined, is negatively affected by the mutual influence of confidence and data terms. In addition, the rapid decrease to zero of confidence term leads the numerical instability of algorithms. Finally, the data term depends only on the central pixel of the patch, without taking into account the influence of neighboring pixels. Our aim in this paper is to p...

In patch-based inpainting methods, the order of filling the areas to be restored is very important. This filling order is defined by a priority function that integrates two parameters: confidence term and data term. The priority, as initially defined, is negatively affected by the mutual influence of confidence and data terms. In addition, the rapid decrease to zero of confidence term leads the numerical instability of algorithms. Finally, the data term depends only on the central pixel of the patch, without taking into account the influence of neighboring pixels. Our aim in this paper is to p...

In patch-based inpainting methods, the order of filling the areas to be restored is very important. This filling order is defined by a priority function that integrates two parameters: confidence term and data term. The priority, as initially defined, is negatively affected by the mutual influence of confidence and data terms. In addition, the rapid decrease to zero of confidence term leads the numerical instability of algorithms. Finally, the data term depends only on the central pixel of the patch, without taking into account the influence of neighboring pixels. Our aim in this paper is to p...

In patch-based inpainting methods, the order of filling the areas to be restored is very important. This filling order is defined by a priority function that integrates two parameters: confidence term and data term. The priority, as initially defined, is negatively affected by the mutual influence of confidence and data terms. In addition, the rapid decrease to zero of confidence term leads the numerical instability of algorithms. Finally, the data term depends only on the central pixel of the patch, without taking into account the influence of neighboring pixels. Our aim in this paper is to p...

In patch-based inpainting methods, the order of filling the areas to be restored is very important. This filling order is defined by a priority function that integrates two parameters: confidence term and data term. The priority, as initially defined, is negatively affected by the mutual influence of confidence and data terms. In addition, the rapid decrease to zero of confidence term leads the numerical instability of algorithms. Finally, the data term depends only on the central pixel of the patch, without taking into account the influence of neighboring pixels. Our aim in this paper is to p...

Refractive index retrieval is possible using the transport intensity equation (TIE), which presents advantages over interferometric techniques. The TIE method is valid only for paraxial ray assumptions. However, diffraction can nullify these TIE model assumptions. Therefore, the refractive index is problematic for reconstruction in three-dimensions (3D) using a set of defocused images, as diffraction effects become prominent. We propose a method to recover the 3D refractive index by combining TIE and deconvolution. A brightfield (BF) microscope was then constructed to apply the proposed techni...

Refractive index retrieval is possible using the transport intensity equation (TIE), which presents advantages over interferometric techniques. The TIE method is valid only for paraxial ray assumptions. However, diffraction can nullify these TIE model assumptions. Therefore, the refractive index is problematic for reconstruction in three-dimensions (3D) using a set of defocused images, as diffraction effects become prominent. We propose a method to recover the 3D refractive index by combining TIE and deconvolution. A brightfield (BF) microscope was then constructed to apply the proposed techni...

Refractive index retrieval is possible using the transport intensity equation (TIE), which presents advantages over interferometric techniques. The TIE method is valid only for paraxial ray assumptions. However, diffraction can nullify these TIE model assumptions. Therefore, the refractive index is problematic for reconstruction in three-dimensions (3D) using a set of defocused images, as diffraction effects become prominent. We propose a method to recover the 3D refractive index by combining TIE and deconvolution. A brightfield (BF) microscope was then constructed to apply the proposed techni...

Refractive index retrieval is possible using the transport intensity equation (TIE), which presents advantages over interferometric techniques. The TIE method is valid only for paraxial ray assumptions. However, diffraction can nullify these TIE model assumptions. Therefore, the refractive index is problematic for reconstruction in three-dimensions (3D) using a set of defocused images, as diffraction effects become prominent. We propose a method to recover the 3D refractive index by combining TIE and deconvolution. A brightfield (BF) microscope was then constructed to apply the proposed techni...

Refractive index retrieval is possible using the transport intensity equation (TIE), which presents advantages over interferometric techniques. The TIE method is valid only for paraxial ray assumptions. However, diffraction can nullify these TIE model assumptions. Therefore, the refractive index is problematic for reconstruction in three-dimensions (3D) using a set of defocused images, as diffraction effects become prominent. We propose a method to recover the 3D refractive index by combining TIE and deconvolution. A brightfield (BF) microscope was then constructed to apply the proposed techni...

Association rule discovery has emerged as an important problem in knowledge discovery and data mining. The association mining task consists of identifying the frequent itemsets, and then forming conditional implication rules among them. We present efficient algorithms for the discovery of frequent itemsets which forms the compute intensive phase of the task. The algorithms utilize the structural properties of frequent itemsets to facilitate fast discovery. The items are organized into a subset lattice search space, which is decomposed into small independent chunks or sublattices, which can be...

In this paper, we are presenting a new vector order, a solution to the open problem of the generalization of mathematical morphology to multicomponent images and multidimensional data. This approach uses the paradigm of P–order. Its primary principle consists, first in partitioning the multi-component image in the attribute space by a classification method in different numbers of classes, and then the vector attributes are ordered within each class (intra-order-class). And finally the classes themselves are ordered in turn from their barycenter (inter-class order). Thus, two attribute vectors...

In this paper, we are presenting a new vector order, a solution to the open problem of the generalization of mathematical morphology to multicomponent images and multidimensional data. This approach uses the paradigm of P–order. Its primary principle consists, first in partitioning the multi-component image in the attribute space by a classification method in different numbers of classes, and then the vector attributes are ordered within each class (intra-order-class). And finally the classes themselves are ordered in turn from their barycenter (inter-class order). Thus, two attribute vectors...

In this paper, we are presenting a new vector order, a solution to the open problem of the generalization of mathematical morphology to multicomponent images and multidimensional data. This approach uses the paradigm of P–order. Its primary principle consists, first in partitioning the multi-component image in the attribute space by a classification method in different numbers of classes, and then the vector attributes are ordered within each class (intra-order-class). And finally the classes themselves are ordered in turn from their barycenter (inter-class order). Thus, two attribute vectors...

In this paper, we are presenting a new vector order, a solution to the open problem of the generalization of mathematical morphology to multicomponent images and multidimensional data. This approach uses the paradigm of P–order. Its primary principle consists, first in partitioning the multi-component image in the attribute space by a classification method in different numbers of classes, and then the vector attributes are ordered within each class (intra-order-class). And finally the classes themselves are ordered in turn from their barycenter (inter-class order). Thus, two attribute vectors...

In this paper, we are presenting a new vector order, a solution to the open problem of the generalization of mathematical morphology to multicomponent images and multidimensional data. This approach uses the paradigm of P–order. Its primary principle consists, first in partitioning the multi-component image in the attribute space by a classification method in different numbers of classes, and then the vector attributes are ordered within each class (intra-order-class). And finally the classes themselves are ordered in turn from their barycenter (inter-class order). Thus, two attribute vectors...