PSR

The major challenge in elastic optical networks is to determine the path of a connection and to allocate spectral resources on the links of this path. This problem consists of two sub-problems, routing and spectrum allocation. In the literature, these sub-problems are solved with a predefined order for all topology node pairs. Recent work proposes hybrid resolution algorithms based on connection demand and network state to provide a solution to these problems. However, the blocking rate of new connection requests has become problematic. In this work, we propose a hybrid routing and spectrum as...

The major challenge in elastic optical networks is to determine the path of a connection and to allocate spectral resources on the links of this path. This problem consists of two sub-problems, routing and spectrum allocation. In the literature, these sub-problems are solved with a predefined order for all topology node pairs. Recent work proposes hybrid resolution algorithms based on connection demand and network state to provide a solution to these problems. However, the blocking rate of new connection requests has become problematic. In this work, we propose a hybrid routing and spectrum as...

Fast recovery and minimum utilization of resources are the two main criteria for determining the protection scheme quality. We address the problem of providing a hybrid protection approach on elastic optical networks under contiguity and continuity of available spectrum constraints. Two main hypotheses are used in this paper for backup paths computation. In the first case, it is assumed that backup paths resources are dedicated. In the second case, the assumption is that backup paths resources are available shared resources. The objective of the study is to minimize spectrum utilization to red...

Fast recovery and minimum utilization of resources are the two main criteria for determining the protection scheme quality. We address the problem of providing a hybrid protection approach on elastic optical networks under contiguity and continuity of available spectrum constraints. Two main hypotheses are used in this paper for backup paths computation. In the first case, it is assumed that backup paths resources are dedicated. In the second case, the assumption is that backup paths resources are available shared resources. The objective of the study is to minimize spectrum utilization to red...

Fast recovery and minimum utilization of resources are the two main criteria for determining the protection scheme quality. We address the problem of providing a hybrid protection approach on elastic optical networks under contiguity and continuity of available spectrum constraints. Two main hypotheses are used in this paper for backup paths computation. In the first case, it is assumed that backup paths resources are dedicated. In the second case, the assumption is that backup paths resources are available shared resources. The objective of the study is to minimize spectrum utilization to red...

Fast recovery and minimum utilization of resources are the two main criteria for determining the protection scheme quality. We address the problem of providing a hybrid protection approach on elastic optical networks under contiguity and continuity of available spectrum constraints. Two main hypotheses are used in this paper for backup paths computation. In the first case, it is assumed that backup paths resources are dedicated. In the second case, the assumption is that backup paths resources are available shared resources. The objective of the study is to minimize spectrum utilization to red...

Fast recovery and minimum utilization of resources are the two main criteria for determining the protection scheme quality. We address the problem of providing a hybrid protection approach on elastic optical networks under contiguity and continuity of available spectrum constraints. Two main hypotheses are used in this paper for backup paths computation. In the first case, it is assumed that backup paths resources are dedicated. In the second case, the assumption is that backup paths resources are available shared resources. The objective of the study is to minimize spectrum utilization to red...

Fast recovery and minimum utilization of resources are the two main criteria for determining the protection scheme quality. We address the problem of providing a hybrid protection approach on elastic optical networks under contiguity and continuity of available spectrum constraints. Two main hypotheses are used in this paper for backup paths computation. In the first case, it is assumed that backup paths resources are dedicated. In the second case, the assumption is that backup paths resources are available shared resources. The objective of the study is to minimize spectrum utilization to red...

Seeds obtained from Cucumis amaris were analysed for their lipid composition. The seeds contained high level of lipids (40%). Freshly extracted oil gave acid and peroxide values of 6.06 and 34.44 , respectively. The iodine and saponification values were 117.20 and 192.30, respectively. The oil contained various fatty acids. Linoleic, oleic, palmitic and steraric acids were the principal fatty acids present. Unsaponifiable components study of the seed oil revealed β-sitosterol and Δ-5, 24-stigmastadienol as the most prominent. The minor compounds included Chlerosterol, Δ-7, stigmastenol, Δ-7-av...

Seeds obtained from Cucumis amaris were analysed for their lipid composition. The seeds contained high level of lipids (40%). Freshly extracted oil gave acid and peroxide values of 6.06 and 34.44 , respectively. The iodine and saponification values were 117.20 and 192.30, respectively. The oil contained various fatty acids. Linoleic, oleic, palmitic and steraric acids were the principal fatty acids present. Unsaponifiable components study of the seed oil revealed β-sitosterol and Δ-5, 24-stigmastadienol as the most prominent. The minor compounds included Chlerosterol, Δ-7, stigmastenol, Δ-7-av...

Seeds obtained from Cucumis amaris were analysed for their lipid composition. The seeds contained high level of lipids (40%). Freshly extracted oil gave acid and peroxide values of 6.06 and 34.44 , respectively. The iodine and saponification values were 117.20 and 192.30, respectively. The oil contained various fatty acids. Linoleic, oleic, palmitic and steraric acids were the principal fatty acids present. Unsaponifiable components study of the seed oil revealed β-sitosterol and Δ-5, 24-stigmastadienol as the most prominent. The minor compounds included Chlerosterol, Δ-7, stigmastenol, Δ-7-av...

Seeds obtained from Cucumis amaris were analysed for their lipid composition. The seeds contained high level of lipids (40%). Freshly extracted oil gave acid and peroxide values of 6.06 and 34.44 , respectively. The iodine and saponification values were 117.20 and 192.30, respectively. The oil contained various fatty acids. Linoleic, oleic, palmitic and steraric acids were the principal fatty acids present. Unsaponifiable components study of the seed oil revealed β-sitosterol and Δ-5, 24-stigmastadienol as the most prominent. The minor compounds included Chlerosterol, Δ-7, stigmastenol, Δ-7-av...

The Internet has led to the creation of a digital society, where (almost) everything is connected and is accessible from anywhere.However, despite their widespread adoption, traditional IP networks are complex and very hard to manage.It is both difficult to configure the network according to predefined policies, and to reconfigure it to respond to faults, load and changes.To make matters even more difficult, current networks are also vertically integrated: the control and data planes are bundled together.Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that promises to change this sta...

The Internet has led to the creation of a digital society, where (almost) everything is connected and is accessible from anywhere.However, despite their widespread adoption, traditional IP networks are complex and very hard to manage.It is both difficult to configure the network according to predefined policies, and to reconfigure it to respond to faults, load and changes.To make matters even more difficult, current networks are also vertically integrated: the control and data planes are bundled together.Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that promises to change this sta...

The Internet has led to the creation of a digital society, where (almost) everything is connected and is accessible from anywhere.However, despite their widespread adoption, traditional IP networks are complex and very hard to manage.It is both difficult to configure the network according to predefined policies, and to reconfigure it to respond to faults, load and changes.To make matters even more difficult, current networks are also vertically integrated: the control and data planes are bundled together.Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that promises to change this sta...

The Internet has led to the creation of a digital society, where (almost) everything is connected and is accessible from anywhere.However, despite their widespread adoption, traditional IP networks are complex and very hard to manage.It is both difficult to configure the network according to predefined policies, and to reconfigure it to respond to faults, load and changes.To make matters even more difficult, current networks are also vertically integrated: the control and data planes are bundled together.Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that promises to change this sta...

The Internet has led to the creation of a digital society, where (almost) everything is connected and is accessible from anywhere.However, despite their widespread adoption, traditional IP networks are complex and very hard to manage.It is both difficult to configure the network according to predefined policies, and to reconfigure it to respond to faults, load and changes.To make matters even more difficult, current networks are also vertically integrated: the control and data planes are bundled together.Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that promises to change this sta...

The Internet has led to the creation of a digital society, where (almost) everything is connected and is accessible from anywhere.However, despite their widespread adoption, traditional IP networks are complex and very hard to manage.It is both difficult to configure the network according to predefined policies, and to reconfigure it to respond to faults, load and changes.To make matters even more difficult, current networks are also vertically integrated: the control and data planes are bundled together.Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging paradigm that promises to change this sta...

Une farine composée à base de maïs, de niébé et de manioc a été obtenue à partir de fermentation associée et soumise au jeune rat mâle Wistar, comme aliment de complément. Cette farine fermentée (FF) est mieux consommée par les rats (8,0 0,6 g-1j-1) que la farine composée non fermentée (FNF) témoin (5 0,4 g-1j-1). L\'efficacité alimentaire de la farine fermentée est 2 fois plus élevée (0,22 g j-1 g-1) que celle du témoin (0,1 g g-1 / j-1). Par ailleurs, la digestibilité in vitro révèle une meilleure sensibilité de l\'amidon de la farine fermentée (82 %) par rapport à celui de la farine non fer...

Une farine composée à base de maïs, de niébé et de manioc a été obtenue à partir de fermentation associée et soumise au jeune rat mâle Wistar, comme aliment de complément. Cette farine fermentée (FF) est mieux consommée par les rats (8,0 0,6 g-1j-1) que la farine composée non fermentée (FNF) témoin (5 0,4 g-1j-1). L\'efficacité alimentaire de la farine fermentée est 2 fois plus élevée (0,22 g j-1 g-1) que celle du témoin (0,1 g g-1 / j-1). Par ailleurs, la digestibilité in vitro révèle une meilleure sensibilité de l\'amidon de la farine fermentée (82 %) par rapport à celui de la farine non fer...

Une farine composée à base de maïs, de niébé et de manioc a été obtenue à partir de fermentation associée et soumise au jeune rat mâle Wistar, comme aliment de complément. Cette farine fermentée (FF) est mieux consommée par les rats (8,0 0,6 g-1j-1) que la farine composée non fermentée (FNF) témoin (5 0,4 g-1j-1). L\'efficacité alimentaire de la farine fermentée est 2 fois plus élevée (0,22 g j-1 g-1) que celle du témoin (0,1 g g-1 / j-1). Par ailleurs, la digestibilité in vitro révèle une meilleure sensibilité de l\'amidon de la farine fermentée (82 %) par rapport à celui de la farine non fer...

Une farine composée à base de maïs, de niébé et de manioc a été obtenue à partir de fermentation associée et soumise au jeune rat mâle Wistar, comme aliment de complément. Cette farine fermentée (FF) est mieux consommée par les rats (8,0 0,6 g-1j-1) que la farine composée non fermentée (FNF) témoin (5 0,4 g-1j-1). L\'efficacité alimentaire de la farine fermentée est 2 fois plus élevée (0,22 g j-1 g-1) que celle du témoin (0,1 g g-1 / j-1). Par ailleurs, la digestibilité in vitro révèle une meilleure sensibilité de l\'amidon de la farine fermentée (82 %) par rapport à celui de la farine non fer...

Introduction Key developments in the history of concrete construction and the implications for remediation and repair Structural appraisal Defects, damage and decay Repairing damaged concrete Maintenance Concrete in the future Repair, remediation and maintenance in practice -- case studies Appendix:useful addresses Glossary.

According to the problem to be dealt with, the use of data acquisition system requires the knowledge of several models. In the case of the laser range-finder mounted on a site and azimuth turret, the geometrical model defines the co-ordinate transformation between measurement and reference frames. The paper shows the interest of a global calibration in comparison with a more classical approach which divides the problem into an internal model and external one. During the acquisition process another model called 'physical model' may be useful. It takes into account the fact the laser beam impact...

According to the problem to be dealt with, the use of data acquisition system requires the knowledge of several models. In the case of the laser range-finder mounted on a site and azimuth turret, the geometrical model defines the co-ordinate transformation between measurement and reference frames. The paper shows the interest of a global calibration in comparison with a more classical approach which divides the problem into an internal model and external one. During the acquisition process another model called 'physical model' may be useful. It takes into account the fact the laser beam impact...

According to the problem to be dealt with, the use of data acquisition system requires the knowledge of several models. In the case of the laser range-finder mounted on a site and azimuth turret, the geometrical model defines the co-ordinate transformation between measurement and reference frames. The paper shows the interest of a global calibration in comparison with a more classical approach which divides the problem into an internal model and external one. During the acquisition process another model called 'physical model' may be useful. It takes into account the fact the laser beam impact...

According to the problem to be dealt with, the use of data acquisition system requires the knowledge of several models. In the case of the laser range-finder mounted on a site and azimuth turret, the geometrical model defines the co-ordinate transformation between measurement and reference frames. The paper shows the interest of a global calibration in comparison with a more classical approach which divides the problem into an internal model and external one. During the acquisition process another model called 'physical model' may be useful. It takes into account the fact the laser beam impact...

According to the problem to be dealt with, the use of data acquisition system requires the knowledge of several models. In the case of the laser range-finder mounted on a site and azimuth turret, the geometrical model defines the co-ordinate transformation between measurement and reference frames. The paper shows the interest of a global calibration in comparison with a more classical approach which divides the problem into an internal model and external one. During the acquisition process another model called 'physical model' may be useful. It takes into account the fact the laser beam impact...

Presents some stylized facts on firm adoption of technology, analyzing primary data collected by the Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) survey, using primary data collected across 11 countries and organizing it by cross-country, cross-firm, and within-firm dimensions. The highlighted technology facts summarize some of the key messages by showing how far the average and the top 20 percent of firms go in terms of technology sophistication from the technology frontier in manufacturing, agriculture, and services, using the top 20 percent of firms in Korea and Poland as a benchmark and an aspi...

Presents some stylized facts on firm adoption of technology, analyzing primary data collected by the Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) survey, using primary data collected across 11 countries and organizing it by cross-country, cross-firm, and within-firm dimensions. The highlighted technology facts summarize some of the key messages by showing how far the average and the top 20 percent of firms go in terms of technology sophistication from the technology frontier in manufacturing, agriculture, and services, using the top 20 percent of firms in Korea and Poland as a benchmark and an aspi...

Presents some stylized facts on firm adoption of technology, analyzing primary data collected by the Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) survey, using primary data collected across 11 countries and organizing it by cross-country, cross-firm, and within-firm dimensions. The highlighted technology facts summarize some of the key messages by showing how far the average and the top 20 percent of firms go in terms of technology sophistication from the technology frontier in manufacturing, agriculture, and services, using the top 20 percent of firms in Korea and Poland as a benchmark and an aspi...

Objectif: Contribuer à la préservation et à une meilleure connaissance des plantes utilisées pour le traitement des pathologies bovines dans le département de SinématialiMéthodologie et résultats: Des enquêtes ethnobotaniques ont été réalisées à l’aide de fiches de questionnement auprès de 40 éleveurs adultes et expérimentés du département. Ces enquêtes ont permis d’inventorier 24 espèces végétales réparties en 24 genres et 18 familles botaniques. Ces espèces entrent dans la composition de 25 recettes de traitement thérapeutique de divers maux bovins dont les plus fréquents sont la diarrhée, l...

Objectif: Contribuer à la préservation et à une meilleure connaissance des plantes utilisées pour le traitement des pathologies bovines dans le département de SinématialiMéthodologie et résultats: Des enquêtes ethnobotaniques ont été réalisées à l’aide de fiches de questionnement auprès de 40 éleveurs adultes et expérimentés du département. Ces enquêtes ont permis d’inventorier 24 espèces végétales réparties en 24 genres et 18 familles botaniques. Ces espèces entrent dans la composition de 25 recettes de traitement thérapeutique de divers maux bovins dont les plus fréquents sont la diarrhée, l...

Objectif: Contribuer à la préservation et à une meilleure connaissance des plantes utilisées pour le traitement des pathologies bovines dans le département de SinématialiMéthodologie et résultats: Des enquêtes ethnobotaniques ont été réalisées à l’aide de fiches de questionnement auprès de 40 éleveurs adultes et expérimentés du département. Ces enquêtes ont permis d’inventorier 24 espèces végétales réparties en 24 genres et 18 familles botaniques. Ces espèces entrent dans la composition de 25 recettes de traitement thérapeutique de divers maux bovins dont les plus fréquents sont la diarrhée, l...

Objectif : L'étude vise à analyser la compréhension de la perception paysanne du changement climatique ainsi que les stratégies mises au point par les producteurs de riz pluvial pour s'adapter à ce nouveau contexte. Méthodologie et résultats : L'étude a concerné un échantillon aléatoire de 144 riziculteurs, en système pluvial, réparti sur 6 villages dans le département de Daloa au Centre Ouest de la Côte d'Ivoire. Les résultats de l'étude indiquent que les paysans ont conscience de ce que le climat a changé, l'impact le plus net en riziculture pluviale étant la forte variation interannuelle et...

Objectif : L'étude vise à analyser la compréhension de la perception paysanne du changement climatique ainsi que les stratégies mises au point par les producteurs de riz pluvial pour s'adapter à ce nouveau contexte. Méthodologie et résultats : L'étude a concerné un échantillon aléatoire de 144 riziculteurs, en système pluvial, réparti sur 6 villages dans le département de Daloa au Centre Ouest de la Côte d'Ivoire. Les résultats de l'étude indiquent que les paysans ont conscience de ce que le climat a changé, l'impact le plus net en riziculture pluviale étant la forte variation interannuelle et...

La nouvelle Convention africaine sur la conservation de la nature et des ressources naturelles a été adoptée le 1 1 juillet 2003 à Maputo par la conférence des chefs d'Etats et de gouvernements de la nouvelle Union africaine. Sans mettre fin, au moins provisoirement à la précédente Convention d'Alger de 1968, elle la modifie substantiellement, en vue de l'adapter à l'évolution des connaissances scientifiques, techniques et juridiques. Largement dépassée, la Convention d'Alger qui ne disparaît pas pour autant, se trouve ainsi nécessairement actualisée de même que la portée de ses dispositions a...

Flood problems commonly occur at Mojokerto, East Java Area. Generally, flood problems by not proper drainage systems, and the most influential factor are the damage of the catchment area. The result of land use changing at river basin is the occurrence of unpredictable discharge on it. This research was conducted in the Ngotok watershed using HEC HMS software. The data will be transformed to daily discharge which uses some parameters, such as sub-catchment area, infiltration, evaporation, Manning's friction coefficient, and the land slope. The aim of this study was to determine: (1) formation...

Flood problems commonly occur at Mojokerto, East Java Area. Generally, flood problems by not proper drainage systems, and the most influential factor are the damage of the catchment area. The result of land use changing at river basin is the occurrence of unpredictable discharge on it. This research was conducted in the Ngotok watershed using HEC HMS software. The data will be transformed to daily discharge which uses some parameters, such as sub-catchment area, infiltration, evaporation, Manning's friction coefficient, and the land slope. The aim of this study was to determine: (1) formation...

Flood problems commonly occur at Mojokerto, East Java Area. Generally, flood problems by not proper drainage systems, and the most influential factor are the damage of the catchment area. The result of land use changing at river basin is the occurrence of unpredictable discharge on it. This research was conducted in the Ngotok watershed using HEC HMS software. The data will be transformed to daily discharge which uses some parameters, such as sub-catchment area, infiltration, evaporation, Manning's friction coefficient, and the land slope. The aim of this study was to determine: (1) formation...

Flood problems commonly occur at Mojokerto, East Java Area. Generally, flood problems by not proper drainage systems, and the most influential factor are the damage of the catchment area. The result of land use changing at river basin is the occurrence of unpredictable discharge on it. This research was conducted in the Ngotok watershed using HEC HMS software. The data will be transformed to daily discharge which uses some parameters, such as sub-catchment area, infiltration, evaporation, Manning's friction coefficient, and the land slope. The aim of this study was to determine: (1) formation...

Flood problems commonly occur at Mojokerto, East Java Area. Generally, flood problems by not proper drainage systems, and the most influential factor are the damage of the catchment area. The result of land use changing at river basin is the occurrence of unpredictable discharge on it. This research was conducted in the Ngotok watershed using HEC HMS software. The data will be transformed to daily discharge which uses some parameters, such as sub-catchment area, infiltration, evaporation, Manning's friction coefficient, and the land slope. The aim of this study was to determine: (1) formation...

Dry periods in West Africa reflect the high rainfall variability characteristic of the region. Predicted climate change will likely exacerbate the situation with severe consequences on water availability. This paper analyses the groundwater sensitivity of the White Bandama Basin, in northern Ivory Coast, to rainfall and temperature variability. Statistical analysis based on the centered and reduced index, low-pass filter of Hanning and Pettit test, was used to characterize rainfall variability. Groundwater static level, recession coefficient of Maillet allowed the analysis of groundwater sensi...

Dry periods in West Africa reflect the high rainfall variability characteristic of the region. Predicted climate change will likely exacerbate the situation with severe consequences on water availability. This paper analyses the groundwater sensitivity of the White Bandama Basin, in northern Ivory Coast, to rainfall and temperature variability. Statistical analysis based on the centered and reduced index, low-pass filter of Hanning and Pettit test, was used to characterize rainfall variability. Groundwater static level, recession coefficient of Maillet allowed the analysis of groundwater sensi...

Dry periods in West Africa reflect the high rainfall variability characteristic of the region. Predicted climate change will likely exacerbate the situation with severe consequences on water availability. This paper analyses the groundwater sensitivity of the White Bandama Basin, in northern Ivory Coast, to rainfall and temperature variability. Statistical analysis based on the centered and reduced index, low-pass filter of Hanning and Pettit test, was used to characterize rainfall variability. Groundwater static level, recession coefficient of Maillet allowed the analysis of groundwater sensi...

Dry periods in West Africa reflect the high rainfall variability characteristic of the region. Predicted climate change will likely exacerbate the situation with severe consequences on water availability. This paper analyses the groundwater sensitivity of the White Bandama Basin, in northern Ivory Coast, to rainfall and temperature variability. Statistical analysis based on the centered and reduced index, low-pass filter of Hanning and Pettit test, was used to characterize rainfall variability. Groundwater static level, recession coefficient of Maillet allowed the analysis of groundwater sensi...

Dry periods in West Africa reflect the high rainfall variability characteristic of the region. Predicted climate change will likely exacerbate the situation with severe consequences on water availability. This paper analyses the groundwater sensitivity of the White Bandama Basin, in northern Ivory Coast, to rainfall and temperature variability. Statistical analysis based on the centered and reduced index, low-pass filter of Hanning and Pettit test, was used to characterize rainfall variability. Groundwater static level, recession coefficient of Maillet allowed the analysis of groundwater sensi...

Dry periods in West Africa reflect the high rainfall variability characteristic of the region. Predicted climate change will likely exacerbate the situation with severe consequences on water availability. This paper analyses the groundwater sensitivity of the White Bandama Basin, in northern Ivory Coast, to rainfall and temperature variability. Statistical analysis based on the centered and reduced index, low-pass filter of Hanning and Pettit test, was used to characterize rainfall variability. Groundwater static level, recession coefficient of Maillet allowed the analysis of groundwater sensi...

This paper deals with experimental investigations of the electrical and physical properties of oil impregnated insulation paper for power transformers at different temperatures. The ac breakdown voltage, tensile strength and water content of insulation papers impregnated in mineral oil for different time periods were investigated. The effect of insulation paper thickness on the electrical and mechanical properties has also been studied. The results showed that the breakdown voltage and the tensile strength decreased with increasing the time of immersion of insulation paper in oil at room tempe...

This paper deals with experimental investigations of the electrical and physical properties of oil impregnated insulation paper for power transformers at different temperatures. The ac breakdown voltage, tensile strength and water content of insulation papers impregnated in mineral oil for different time periods were investigated. The effect of insulation paper thickness on the electrical and mechanical properties has also been studied. The results showed that the breakdown voltage and the tensile strength decreased with increasing the time of immersion of insulation paper in oil at room tempe...

This paper deals with experimental investigations of the electrical and physical properties of oil impregnated insulation paper for power transformers at different temperatures. The ac breakdown voltage, tensile strength and water content of insulation papers impregnated in mineral oil for different time periods were investigated. The effect of insulation paper thickness on the electrical and mechanical properties has also been studied. The results showed that the breakdown voltage and the tensile strength decreased with increasing the time of immersion of insulation paper in oil at room tempe...

Internet Exchange Point (IXP) is a network infrastructure providing facilities for connecting devices to exchange traffic. In building an IXP network, there are several main components: routers, switches, and IXP member devices. This research uses the UCLA method according to the scenario that has been made based on qualitative data from interviews with IDCloudHost. The research object is the IXP network owned by IDCloudHost, which was previously built using BIRD as the primary infrastructure in the form of a platform. This study aims to optimize the existing IXP network management process by...

Data warehouses are environments used for data analysis and efficient decision making within companies.They are tools that allow the execution of complex and multidimensional queries.One of the security vulnerabilities that can be used by malicious users is data inference, which is the deduction of private information by devious means.In the present work, we tried to show that the existence of functional dependencies in the data can help to perform an inference attack by using supervised learning algorithms to infer private information.These algorithms are Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random...

Data warehouses are environments used for data analysis and efficient decision making within companies.They are tools that allow the execution of complex and multidimensional queries.One of the security vulnerabilities that can be used by malicious users is data inference, which is the deduction of private information by devious means.In the present work, we tried to show that the existence of functional dependencies in the data can help to perform an inference attack by using supervised learning algorithms to infer private information.These algorithms are Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random...

Data warehouses are environments used for data analysis and efficient decision making within companies.They are tools that allow the execution of complex and multidimensional queries.One of the security vulnerabilities that can be used by malicious users is data inference, which is the deduction of private information by devious means.In the present work, we tried to show that the existence of functional dependencies in the data can help to perform an inference attack by using supervised learning algorithms to infer private information.These algorithms are Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random...

Data warehouses are environments used for data analysis and efficient decision making within companies.They are tools that allow the execution of complex and multidimensional queries.One of the security vulnerabilities that can be used by malicious users is data inference, which is the deduction of private information by devious means.In the present work, we tried to show that the existence of functional dependencies in the data can help to perform an inference attack by using supervised learning algorithms to infer private information.These algorithms are Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random...

Data warehouses are environments used for data analysis and efficient decision making within companies.They are tools that allow the execution of complex and multidimensional queries.One of the security vulnerabilities that can be used by malicious users is data inference, which is the deduction of private information by devious means.In the present work, we tried to show that the existence of functional dependencies in the data can help to perform an inference attack by using supervised learning algorithms to infer private information.These algorithms are Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random...

Data warehouses are environments used for data analysis and efficient decision making within companies.They are tools that allow the execution of complex and multidimensional queries.One of the security vulnerabilities that can be used by malicious users is data inference, which is the deduction of private information by devious means.In the present work, we tried to show that the existence of functional dependencies in the data can help to perform an inference attack by using supervised learning algorithms to infer private information.These algorithms are Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random...

15Apr 2018 INFLUENCE DE LA DYNAMIQUE DE L?OCCUPATION DU SOL SUR LA QUANTITE DE PERTE DE SOL AU SUD DU BASSIN VERSANT DU SASSANDRA (COTE D?IVOIRE). Alexis Yao Ngo , Alex Zile Kouadio , Jean Philippe Attoungbre Deguy , Alain Sie Hien , Albert Bi Tie Goula and Issiaka Savane. Universit? Nangui Abroguoua, Laboratoire de G?osciences et Environnement (LGE), 02 BP 801 Abidjan, C?te d?Ivoire. Universit? Jean Lorougnon Gu?d?) de Daloa, Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologie de l?Environnement, BP 150 Daloa, C?te d?Ivoire.

15Apr 2018 INFLUENCE DE LA DYNAMIQUE DE L?OCCUPATION DU SOL SUR LA QUANTITE DE PERTE DE SOL AU SUD DU BASSIN VERSANT DU SASSANDRA (COTE D?IVOIRE). Alexis Yao Ngo , Alex Zile Kouadio , Jean Philippe Attoungbre Deguy , Alain Sie Hien , Albert Bi Tie Goula and Issiaka Savane. Universit? Nangui Abroguoua, Laboratoire de G?osciences et Environnement (LGE), 02 BP 801 Abidjan, C?te d?Ivoire. Universit? Jean Lorougnon Gu?d?) de Daloa, Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologie de l?Environnement, BP 150 Daloa, C?te d?Ivoire.

15Apr 2018 INFLUENCE DE LA DYNAMIQUE DE L?OCCUPATION DU SOL SUR LA QUANTITE DE PERTE DE SOL AU SUD DU BASSIN VERSANT DU SASSANDRA (COTE D?IVOIRE). Alexis Yao Ngo , Alex Zile Kouadio , Jean Philippe Attoungbre Deguy , Alain Sie Hien , Albert Bi Tie Goula and Issiaka Savane. Universit? Nangui Abroguoua, Laboratoire de G?osciences et Environnement (LGE), 02 BP 801 Abidjan, C?te d?Ivoire. Universit? Jean Lorougnon Gu?d?) de Daloa, Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologie de l?Environnement, BP 150 Daloa, C?te d?Ivoire.

15Apr 2018 INFLUENCE DE LA DYNAMIQUE DE L?OCCUPATION DU SOL SUR LA QUANTITE DE PERTE DE SOL AU SUD DU BASSIN VERSANT DU SASSANDRA (COTE D?IVOIRE). Alexis Yao Ngo , Alex Zile Kouadio , Jean Philippe Attoungbre Deguy , Alain Sie Hien , Albert Bi Tie Goula and Issiaka Savane. Universit? Nangui Abroguoua, Laboratoire de G?osciences et Environnement (LGE), 02 BP 801 Abidjan, C?te d?Ivoire. Universit? Jean Lorougnon Gu?d?) de Daloa, Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologie de l?Environnement, BP 150 Daloa, C?te d?Ivoire.

This article presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out to study the influence of cement content on the properties of recycled aggregates concrete. Five concrete mixtures (containing natural aggregates or recycled ones) with different cement content (250, 300, 350, 400 and 450 kg/m3) were studied. Tests were performed to measure porosity to water, permeability to gas and compressive strength (at 2, 7 and 28 days). The results indicated that an increase in cement content (over 300 kg/m3) allows to reduce significantly the porosity to water and to enhance the compressive s...

This article presents the results of an experimental investigation carried out to study the influence of cement content on the properties of recycled aggregates concrete. Five concrete mixtures (containing natural aggregates or recycled ones) with different cement content (250, 300, 350, 400 and 450 kg/m3) were studied. Tests were performed to measure porosity to water, permeability to gas and compressive strength (at 2, 7 and 28 days). The results indicated that an increase in cement content (over 300 kg/m3) allows to reduce significantly the porosity to water and to enhance the compressive s...

Pseudo-Random or pseudo-noise and Orthogonal Spreading sequences are widely used in the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) systems using Rake receiver. This paper shows the theoretical aspect for direct sequences DS-CDMA systems and reviews the main characteristics of the maximal length, Gold, barker and Kasami sequences, also the variable and fixed-length orthogonal codes are discussed. Finally, comparisons between these methods is given by using autocorrelation, cross-correlation functions, The mean square aperiodic auto-correlation (MSAAC), the mean square aperiodic cross-correl...

Pseudo-Random or pseudo-noise and Orthogonal Spreading sequences are widely used in the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) systems using Rake receiver. This paper shows the theoretical aspect for direct sequences DS-CDMA systems and reviews the main characteristics of the maximal length, Gold, barker and Kasami sequences, also the variable and fixed-length orthogonal codes are discussed. Finally, comparisons between these methods is given by using autocorrelation, cross-correlation functions, The mean square aperiodic auto-correlation (MSAAC), the mean square aperiodic cross-correl...

Spores of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi contain thousands of nuclei. In order to understand the karyotic structure of a VAM fungus spore, the genetic variation of the first generation of spores from a VAM fungus (Gigaspora margarita) was examined. Spores originating from both single- and multispore inoculations of the species G. margarita were analyzed by M13 minisatellite-primed PCR. In both cases, different fingerprints were obtained from individual spores with few spores exhibiting similar fingerprints. These results can be explained only by a heterokaryotic status of the nuc...

Spores of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi contain thousands of nuclei. In order to understand the karyotic structure of a VAM fungus spore, the genetic variation of the first generation of spores from a VAM fungus (Gigaspora margarita) was examined. Spores originating from both single- and multispore inoculations of the species G. margarita were analyzed by M13 minisatellite-primed PCR. In both cases, different fingerprints were obtained from individual spores with few spores exhibiting similar fingerprints. These results can be explained only by a heterokaryotic status of the nuc...

Spores of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi contain thousands of nuclei. In order to understand the karyotic structure of a VAM fungus spore, the genetic variation of the first generation of spores from a VAM fungus (Gigaspora margarita) was examined. Spores originating from both single- and multispore inoculations of the species G. margarita were analyzed by M13 minisatellite-primed PCR. In both cases, different fingerprints were obtained from individual spores with few spores exhibiting similar fingerprints. These results can be explained only by a heterokaryotic status of the nuc...

Spores of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi contain thousands of nuclei. In order to understand the karyotic structure of a VAM fungus spore, the genetic variation of the first generation of spores from a VAM fungus (Gigaspora margarita) was examined. Spores originating from both single- and multispore inoculations of the species G. margarita were analyzed by M13 minisatellite-primed PCR. In both cases, different fingerprints were obtained from individual spores with few spores exhibiting similar fingerprints. These results can be explained only by a heterokaryotic status of the nuc...

Spores of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi contain thousands of nuclei. In order to understand the karyotic structure of a VAM fungus spore, the genetic variation of the first generation of spores from a VAM fungus (Gigaspora margarita) was examined. Spores originating from both single- and multispore inoculations of the species G. margarita were analyzed by M13 minisatellite-primed PCR. In both cases, different fingerprints were obtained from individual spores with few spores exhibiting similar fingerprints. These results can be explained only by a heterokaryotic status of the nuc...

L’indice de qualité de l'eau (IQE) est une expression numérique utilisée pour évaluer la qualité globale de l'eau à partir d’une grande quantité de données et il est facilement compris par les gestionnaires et décideurs. Dans cette étude, l’IQE à neuf paramètres physico-chimiques(pH, T°C, CE, O_diss, NH4, NO3, SO4, PO4 et DBO5) est utilisé pour évaluer la qualité globale des eaux superficielles de l’Oued Moulouya dans le Nord Est du Maroc pendant la période de mars à aout 2014. Vingt-deux sites ont été étudiés depuis l’amont de l’oued dans le Haut Atlas jusqu’à l’embouchure en Méditerranée sur...

L’indice de qualité de l'eau (IQE) est une expression numérique utilisée pour évaluer la qualité globale de l'eau à partir d’une grande quantité de données et il est facilement compris par les gestionnaires et décideurs. Dans cette étude, l’IQE à neuf paramètres physico-chimiques(pH, T°C, CE, O_diss, NH4, NO3, SO4, PO4 et DBO5) est utilisé pour évaluer la qualité globale des eaux superficielles de l’Oued Moulouya dans le Nord Est du Maroc pendant la période de mars à aout 2014. Vingt-deux sites ont été étudiés depuis l’amont de l’oued dans le Haut Atlas jusqu’à l’embouchure en Méditerranée sur...

L’indice de qualité de l'eau (IQE) est une expression numérique utilisée pour évaluer la qualité globale de l'eau à partir d’une grande quantité de données et il est facilement compris par les gestionnaires et décideurs. Dans cette étude, l’IQE à neuf paramètres physico-chimiques(pH, T°C, CE, O_diss, NH4, NO3, SO4, PO4 et DBO5) est utilisé pour évaluer la qualité globale des eaux superficielles de l’Oued Moulouya dans le Nord Est du Maroc pendant la période de mars à aout 2014. Vingt-deux sites ont été étudiés depuis l’amont de l’oued dans le Haut Atlas jusqu’à l’embouchure en Méditerranée sur...

L’indice de qualité de l'eau (IQE) est une expression numérique utilisée pour évaluer la qualité globale de l'eau à partir d’une grande quantité de données et il est facilement compris par les gestionnaires et décideurs. Dans cette étude, l’IQE à neuf paramètres physico-chimiques(pH, T°C, CE, O_diss, NH4, NO3, SO4, PO4 et DBO5) est utilisé pour évaluer la qualité globale des eaux superficielles de l’Oued Moulouya dans le Nord Est du Maroc pendant la période de mars à aout 2014. Vingt-deux sites ont été étudiés depuis l’amont de l’oued dans le Haut Atlas jusqu’à l’embouchure en Méditerranée sur...

L’indice de qualité de l'eau (IQE) est une expression numérique utilisée pour évaluer la qualité globale de l'eau à partir d’une grande quantité de données et il est facilement compris par les gestionnaires et décideurs. Dans cette étude, l’IQE à neuf paramètres physico-chimiques(pH, T°C, CE, O_diss, NH4, NO3, SO4, PO4 et DBO5) est utilisé pour évaluer la qualité globale des eaux superficielles de l’Oued Moulouya dans le Nord Est du Maroc pendant la période de mars à aout 2014. Vingt-deux sites ont été étudiés depuis l’amont de l’oued dans le Haut Atlas jusqu’à l’embouchure en Méditerranée sur...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...

Xavier Argout and colleagues report the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, the tropical crop that is the source of chocolate. The sequence assembly covers approximately 80% of the genome. We sequenced and assembled the draft genome of Theobroma cacao, an economically important tropical-fruit tree crop that is the source of chocolate. This assembly corresponds to 76% of the estimated genome size and contains almost all previously described genes, with 82% of these genes anchored on the 10 T. cacao chromosomes. Analysis of this sequence information highlighted specific expansion of some gene famil...